Contents
Problems of definition and geographical differentiation of the Subarctic | 11 |
Problèmes de définition et de différenciation géographique du Subarctique | 30 |
Importance des limites forestières en tant que frontière biogéographique | 38 |
Copyright | |
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air temperature Alaska albedo alpine annual antarctic arctic arctiques average balsam poplar barren-ground caribou Betula birch bogs boreal Canada caribou cent climate d'une density depth ecological écosystèmes ecosystems Esjufjöll espèces été factors Fennoscandia forest limit forest-tundra forêts formation forms freezing frost glace Hustich important influence investigations km² Lake lichens measurements mesofauna moss mountain neige nombre nord northern Finland nunataks observed occur palsa palses patterned ground peat peat layer peatlands pergélisol period permafrost peut plants podzolic podzolic soils polar polygons population processes Pruitt radiation recherches régions régions subarctiques renards polaires rennes River samples Scotiella slopes snow cover solifluction southern species Spitsbergen spruce stands string bogs strings structure subantarctic subarctic subarctic area subarctic forests subarctic regions subpolar summer surface taiga terrain thawing thermal thick tion tree line tundra types variations white spruce willow winter Yukon zone