Controls of EatingAbstract: The current interest in diet and weight control has given impetus to the study of the physiological and psychological mechanisms of eating. Many factors affect the dynamics of hunger and satiety and regulate food intake. These include physiological, biochemical and hormonal control: oral and gastrointestinal contacts of food; osmotic pressure and temperature; metabolic fuel reserves monitored by glucostatic and lipostatic mechanisms; and gonadal hormone balances. Neutral controls are operated by the ventromedial and lateral hypothalamus and by the limbic lobe and neocortex of the brain. Disorders in these anatomic sites may cause aphagia, hyperphagia or changes in taste discrimination. Learning also plays a significant role in diet selection, food preferences and aversions, in conditioned hunger and satiety. Mechanisms involved in changes in eating behavior which accompany human diseases are also discussed. |
Contents
Chapter | 1 |
Summary | 11 |
Osmotic Pressure and Temperature | 25 |
Copyright | |
11 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
ablations acid activity addition amount amygdala animals anorexia aphagia appears associated avoid become Behav behavior body weight brain cats caused changes Comp completely consumption cortex cortical damage decrease deficiency depression destruction develop diet differences drinking eating effects electrical estrogen evidence exhibit experience factors feeding female findings food intake function given glucose hormone hunger hungry hyperphagia hypothalamic hypothalamic lesions hypothesis immediately impaired increased indicate induced influence ingestion inhibits injections insulin involved lateral hypothalamic learning lesions less levels loss maintain male meal mechanism medial monkeys motivation normal novel obesity observed occur organism paired palatable period Physiol possible preference Press produced Psychol rats recovery reduced region regulation relatively reported response role saccharin satiety Science septal similar solution specific stimulation subjected subsequent substances suggests syndrome taste aversion temperature tion usual ventromedial hypothalamic whereas