Convergences and Divergences in European Education and Training Systems: A Research Project Commissioned |
Contents
B PARTICIPATION LEVELS | 5 |
E THE LOWER SECONDARY PHASE OF COMPULSORY EDUCATION | 20 |
F INITIAL POSTCOMPULSORY EDUCATION AND TRAINING | 26 |
Copyright | |
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Common terms and phrases
Abitur academic drift age cohort apprenticeship Austria baccalauréat Belgium Binary divide cent centralised certification challenge posed changes characterised clear common compulsory schooling continuing vocational training convergence curriculum decentralisation Deconcentration degree delayed specialisation Denmark differences between countries differentiation E-mail EBIC education and training emphasised employers England and Wales European European Commission example Finland France full-time Germany GNVQ Greece higher education important increasingly initial post-compulsory education involve Ireland Italy labour market entry lifelong learning lower secondary education lower secondary level lower secondary phase Luxembourg Member Model Model II Netherlands Nonetheless organisation overall participation levels participation rates pathways pattern period reviewed period under review Portugal qualifications quasi-market reforms Regional Devolution response role school autonomy school-based selection social partners Spain status structures student numbers summarised Sweden Table teacher tertiary education tracks traditions training systems trend United Kingdom upgrade vocational courses vocational programmes young Zoned Comprehensive