Elements of the Art of Dyeing, Volumes 1-2S. Couchman, 1791 |
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Common terms and phrases
acetite acetous acid affumes aftringent principle alfo alkali alſo alum alumine animal fubftances atmoſphere bath becauſe blue boiling carbonat carbonic acid Chym cochineal colouring fubftances colouring matter colouring particles combination combuftion compofition confiderable confifts cotton cryftals defcribed diffolved diftilled dyed dyeing eafily employed expofed falt fame faturated fawn colour fecond feparated fhade fhall fhould filk firft firſt foap foda foluble folution of iron folution of tin fome fometimes formed ftate ftill ftuff fubftances fuch fufficient fulphat of iron fulphuric acid fumach gallic acid galls heat increaſe indigo infufion lefs leſs liquor logwood madder metallic oxyds moft mordant moſt muriatic acid muſt neceffary nitric acid obferved obtained operation ounce oxyd oxygen oxygenated muriatic acid pot-afh pounds precipitate proceffes proceſs produced proportion purpoſe refpecting rendered ſeparated ſmall ſtate ſtuff ſubſtances tartar thefe theſe thofe thoſe tion uſed veffel vegetable verdegris vitriol waſhed wool yellow
Popular passages
Page 215 - To obtain a full colour, as much kermes as equals three-fourths, or even the whole of the weight of the wool, is put into a warm bath, and the wool is put in at the first boiling. As cloth is more dense than wool, either spun or in the fleece, it requires one-fourth less of the salts in the boiling, and of kermes in the bath. The...
Page 132 - ... of tin ; the liquor is to be left to settle, when it is to be decanted, and the silk carefully soaked in it, and left for twelve hours ; and after this preparation it is to be immersed in a bath containing half a pound of madder softened by boiling with an infusion of galls in white wine : this bath is to be kept moderately hot for an hour, after which it is to be made to boil for two minutes. When taken from the bath, the silk is to be washed in a stream of water, and dried in the sun. Mr. Guhliche...
Page 215 - To dye spun worsted with kermes, it is first boiled for half an hour in water with bran, then two hours in a fresh bath with one-fifth of Roman alum and one-tenth of tartar, to which sour water is commonly added ; after which it is taken out, tied up in a linen bag, and carried to a cool place, where it is left some days. To obtain a full colour, as much kermes as equals three-fourths, or even the whole of the weight of the wool, is put into a warm bath, and the wool is put in at the first boiling....
Page 132 - If a hair be laid hold of by the root in one hand, and drawn between the fingers of the other, from the root towards the point...
Page 132 - We perceive then, that the texture of the furface of hair is not the fame, from the root towards the point, as it is from the point towards the root, and that a hair when...
Page 120 - The colours which the compounds of metallic oxides and colouring particles assume, are therefore the product of the colour peculiar to the colouring particles, and of that peculiar to the metallic oxide; but the colouring particles and metallic oxides must be considered in that state to which they have been reduced by the diminution of oxygen in the oxide, and the diminution of hydrogen in the colouring particles.
Page 118 - This effect ought to be considered us a true combustion, whereby the charcoal which enters into the composition of the colouring particles becomes predominant, and the colour commonly changes to yellow, fawn colour, or brown; or the injured part, by Uniting with svhat remains of the original colour, produces other appearances.
Page 261 - Alcohol extracts it more readily and copiously than water. The colour of its dyes is a fine red. inclining a little to violet or purple, which is principally observable in its watery decoction.
Page 84 - ... weld are boiled in a copper for three hours, in a sufficient quantity of water to fill the vat; when this decoction is made, twenty pounds of madder and a basket full of bran are added, and it is boiled half an hour longer. This bath is cooled with twenty buckets of water; and after it is settled, the weld is taken out, and it is poured into the vat; all the time it is running in, and for a quarter of an hour after, it is to be stirred with a rake.
Page 152 - ... astringents, are used, according to the quality of the astringents, or the effect desired. The galls, powdered, are boiled for about two hours in a quantity of water proportioned to that of the thread to be galled ; the liquor is then suffered to cool to a temperature which the hand can just support, after which it is divided into a number of equal parts, that the thread may be wrought pound by pound, and what remains is poured upon the whole together, as described in the process of aluming....