Evolution of Human Sexual Dimorphism: Using Assigned Resampling Method to Estimate Sexual Dimorphism when Individual Sex is Unknown |
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0.5 standard deviation Abong Mbong American Journal analysis ARM estimates Arsuaga assumptions Atapuerca australopithecines body bootstrapping breadth Cameroon F Cameroon HTB changes in sexual chimpanzee compared cranial capacity data resampling data set decrease degree of sexual dentition dimorphism in fossil Ebolwa estimate of sexual estimating sexual dimorphism evolutionary examined femur fossil data fossil samples gorilla gorilla sample high sexual dimorphism hominid hominid fossil Homo erectus Huesos Human Evolution human sample human sexual dimorphism humerus Journal of Human Journal of Physical Krapina Leutenegger males and females Mandibular canine marriage system mating system measured midshaft mixed-sex distribution morphological Ngandong null hypothesis number of variables pair Paleoanthropology pattern of sexual performance of ARM Physical Anthropology Plavcan polygyny Předmostí primates Sangiran sex distribution shape sex ratio sex samples sexual selection Sima skeletal elements speciation species standard deviation standard deviation Filter statistical studying sexual dimorphism true sexual dimorphism Wolpoff Zhoukoudian