Global Climate Change and the Pacific Islands: Hearing Before the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, Second Session, on the Scientific Evidence and Policy Implications of Sea Level Rise ... Honolulu, HI, May 26, 1992, Volume 4 |
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accelerated sea level ASLR average beach loss beach nourishment coast coastal areas coastal management coastal resources coastal zone management coastline Common Methodology coral reefs cost Country study CZMS economic ecosystems effects El Niño environmental estimate factors Figure flooding future global climate change global sea level global warming greenhouse Hawaii ice sheets impacts implement in/decade increase infrastructure inundation IPCC Kauai lagoon Majuro Atoll Marshall Islands measures meter million mm/yr nations Niño NOAA nourishment Oahu ocean offshore one-meter rise Pacific islands population potential predicted present problems regional Research response options response strategies retreat revetments rise in sea risk sand scenario sea level change sea level rise Sea-Level Trends seawalls sediment Senator AKAKA shore protection shoreline socio-economic storm surge structures Study Area Table temperature tide gauge values at risk Venezuela Vulnerability Assessment vulnerability profile vulnerability to sea water level wave wetlands workshop Wyrtki
Popular passages
Page 200 - Cramer, WP and R. Leemans, 1993: Assessing impacts of climate change on vegetation using climate classification systems. In: Vegetation Dynamics Modelling and Global Change, AM Solomon and HH Shugart (eds.), ChapmanHall, New York, NY, pp.
Page 168 - Commission (IOC); the World Meteorological Organization (WMO); the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP); and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Page 183 - IPCC was established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The role of the IPCC is to assess the scientific, technical and socio-economic information relevant to understanding the scientific basis of risk of human-induced climate change, its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation.
Page 334 - Business-as-Usual emissions scenario, an average rate of global mean sea level rise of about 6 cm per decade over the next century (with an uncertainty range of 3 10 cm per decade), mainly due to thermal expansion of the oceans and the melting of some land ice.
Page 133 - In 1980, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, the United Nations Environment Programme and the World Wildlife Fund (now the Worldwide Fund for Nature) proposed in the World Conservation Strategy preparation of NCSs (IUCN/UNEP/WWF 1980).
Page 338 - A) emissions of greenhouse gases, a rate of increase of global mean temperature during the next century of about 0.3°C per decade (with an uncertainty range of 0.2°C to 0.5°C per decade); this is greater than that seen over the past 10, 000 years.
Page 172 - A number of response options are available which not only enhance the ability of coastal nations to adapt to sea level rise, but are also beneficial in their own right. Implementation of such options would be most effective if undertaken in the...
Page 177 - ... the UNCED conference. The primary objective of this study is therefore to generate some first vulnerability results on a global scale. Secondary objectives are to provide a reference for country case studies, and to investigate the feasibility of some of the steps suggested in the Common Methodology. In assessing vulnerability, three levels of boundary conditions and scenarios are incorporated in the methodology recommended by the Common Methodology. First this concerns the rate of ASLR as the...
Page 183 - ... international focus on the impacts of sea level rise needs to be maintained. Existing international organizations should be augmented with new mechanisms to focus awareness and attention on sea level change and to encourage nations of the world to develop appropriate responses. 6) Technical assistance for developing nations should be provided and cooperation stimulated. Institutions offering financial support should recognize the need for technical assistance in developing coastal management...
Page 177 - Perth (February 1990), the CZMS report identified the response strategies for coastal areas: to retreat, to accommodate, or to protect from the potential adverse impacts associated with ASLR (including the conservation and protection of natural coastal defense, eg, tidal flats, mangroves, sea grass beds and coral reefs). Each response strategy has implications for trade-offs and can be implemented within a framework of integrated coastal zone management planning. The CZMS made 10 recommendations...