L'échelle: structures essentielles du français, Volume 1 |
Contents
Pronunciation and Spelling | 1 |
un une | 21 |
le la l | 23 |
les | 25 |
26 The Use of the Partitive Article de after the Negative | 26 |
ils elles | 27 |
The Formation of Questions by Intonation and estce que P | 29 |
The Third Person Singular and Plural of Second Conjugation Verbs Present Indicative | 31 |
The Comparative of Adverbs | 219 |
The Comparison of Quantity | 221 |
The Verb ouvrir couvrir and découvrir | 223 |
passé composé 2 | 225 |
The Present Conditional | 227 |
REVIEW LESSON XII Les examens | 229 |
The Pluperfect Indicative | 235 |
The Use of ci and là after Demonstrative Adjectives | 237 |
The First Person Plural of Regular Verbs | 33 |
The First Person Singular of Regular Verbs | 35 |
The Infinitive of First Second and Third Conjugation Verbs | 37 |
The Regular Imperatives | 39 |
de la de l du | 41 |
à la à l au | 43 |
The Verb vouloir Present Indicative | 45 |
The Use of the Definite Article to Express Totality | 51 |
The Interrogative Pronouns Object of a Preposition | 63 |
REVIEW LESSON I Un rendezvous | 71 |
me vous | 85 |
te le nous le etc | 91 |
REVIEW LESSON III Le temps | 93 |
First and Second Person | 97 |
Third Person Singular | 99 |
Inversion of Subject Noun and Verb after Question Words | 101 |
REVIEW LESSON IV Dans un restaurant | 103 |
First Conjugation Verbs er | 107 |
Negative Construction | 109 |
Irregular Past Participles | 111 |
Agreement of the Past Participle with the Subject être | 113 |
REVIEW LESSON V Une impression de New York | 115 |
The Stem Change əc in First Conjugation Verbs | 119 |
The Stem Change ec in First Conjugation Verbs | 121 |
quel quels quelle quelles | 122 |
The Verb dormir | 123 |
First and Second Person Singular | 125 |
with le la les | 127 |
The Verb savoir | 129 |
REVIEW LESSON VI Une matinée de JeanPierre | 131 |
All Conjugations | 137 |
Conjugation of être | 139 |
REVIEW LESSON VII Au Cercle Français | 153 |
plus jamais rien personne | 167 |
Negative | 173 |
The Use of cela ça and ceci | 183 |
Verbs Followed Directly by a Dependent Infinitive | 189 |
Verbs Followed by de + Dependent Infinitive 1 | 191 |
REVIEW LESSON X Noël en famille | 193 |
qui | 199 |
dont | 201 |
Summary and Contrast with the Interrogative Pronouns | 203 |
The Use of the Pronoun on | 205 |
The Verb croire | 207 |
The Superlative of Adjectives | 209 |
REVIEW LESSON XI Dans la cafétéria | 211 |
The Formation of Adverbs | 217 |
The Demonstrative Pronouns Followed by de or a Relative Clause | 239 |
The Verbs monter descendre and sortir Conjugated with avoir | 241 |
il faut and il vaut mieux | 243 |
REVIEW LESSON XIII Le tutoiement | 245 |
Adjectives Requiring de before a Dependent Infinitive | 251 |
The Use of the Present or the Imperfect after depuis | 253 |
The Verb suivre | 255 |
The Verb se taire | 257 |
The Irregular Imperatives of être avoir and savoir | 259 |
REVIEW LESSON XIV Léducation | 261 |
The Formation of the Present Subjunctive | 267 |
avoir être savoir | 269 |
aller faire pouvoir | 271 |
The Use of the Subjunctive after Expressions of Command or Desire | 273 |
The Use of the Subjunctive after Expressions of Emotion | 275 |
REVIEW LESSON XV Les projets dété | 277 |
The Use of the Subjunctive after Conjunctions | 283 |
The Use of the Subjunctive in the Relative Clause 1 | 285 |
The Verb sentir | 287 |
The Pronouns tout tous tus toutes | 289 |
cest que | 291 |
REVIEW LESSON XVI Après une sortie à quatre | 293 |
The Use of quelque chose and rien | 299 |
The Use of la plupart and la plus grande partie | 301 |
The Verb tenir obtenir maintenir | 303 |
The Verb naître | 305 |
REVIEW LESSON XVII Du haut de la Tour Eiffel | 309 |
The Partitive Construction with bien and encore | 317 |
The Construction lun et lautre les uns et les autres | 319 |
The Verb craindre éteindre peindre | 321 |
The Use of the Infinitive after avant and après | 323 |
Singular | 325 |
REVIEW LESSON XVIII À la terrasse dun café | 327 |
The Passive Construction 1 | 335 |
faire + Infinitive | 337 |
The Use of the Expletive ne | 339 |
The Imperfect and Pluperfect Subjunctive | 341 |
REVIEW LESSON XIX Après une soirée au théâtre | 345 |
REVIEW LESSON XX Lettre de Bill à Barbara | 353 |
APPENDIX A French Orthographic Symbols | 361 |
APPENDIX B Verb Tables | 365 |
Translation of the Dialogues | 377 |
Charts Tableaux IIV | 395 |
WRITTEN EXERCISES | 401 |
FRENCHENGLISH VOCABULARY | 445 |
INDEX | 479 |
Copyright | |