Language Attitudes Among Arabic-French Bilinguals in MoroccoThose familiar with a bilingual community may be aware of the passionate reactions bilingualism can inspire in those who experience it. The Arabic-French bilingualism examined here, for instance, has been both denigrated as the root of many social and psychological problems and glorified as a source of enrichment which gives the Moroccan the benefits of two separate cultures. This book attempts to counter-balance previous highly emotional discussions by looking at the phenomenon from a more objective viewpoint, using various data-gathering methods, while still preserving the insights which are perhaps available only to a Moroccan who has lived the conflicts of bilingualism in his everyday life. It looks at the bilingual's attitudes towards his two languages and the roles each language plays in Moroccan society, showing that these may affect the way a bilingual is perceived by others and his own view of the world The book considers the implications of these attitudes for future language planning in Morocco, where Arabization is in progress and for other bilingual countries. It should be of interest, not only to those concerned with bilingual education or language planning, but to all who have experienced the conflicts of bilingualism themselves, or who are in contact with a bilingual community. |
Contents
APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF BILINGUALISM | 16 |
LANGUAGES ATTITUDES AND VIEWS OF THE WORLD | 27 |
AN EXAMINATION OF LANGUAGE CHOICE | 50 |
Copyright | |
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accent Arabic & French Arabic and French Arabic completions Arabic guises Arabic language Arabic-French bilingualism associated Berber C.S. guises choice of language Classical Arabic code-switching colloquial components culture dialect diglossia diglossic situation discussion domains education system everyday fact favour feel Fishman French and Arabic French guises French language friends GRAPH guage Guessous guises Traits rated important Influenced by colonization instance interlocutor Islamic judged kind knowledge of French l'arabe Lambert language attitudes language choice Language chosen language planning language situation langue Likeable linguistic matched guise test medium mentioned modern Moroccan Arabic Moroccan bilinguals Moroccan French Morocco North Africa number of respondents Overall score primary education problems proficiency pupils questionnaire reflect revealed secondary school seems seen setting Significant contrasts social sociolinguistic speak Arabic speak French speakers suggested teachers tendency topic Traits rated higher Tunisia Tunisian Tunisian Arabic types values varieties of Arabic variety