Neutron Diffraction of Magnetic MaterialsDetennination of the magnetic structure of magnetic materials is a fundamental problem that can be solved by magnetic neutron diffraction techniques. By magnetic structures we refer to the mutual alignment of the magnetic moments of the atoms in a crystal and their overall alignment relative to the crystallographic axes. Some indirect, tentative data on the magnetic structure of magnetic materials can be obtained from research on their magnetic, mechanical, thermal, and other properties. But only neutron diffraction is a unique direct method of detennining the magnetic structure of a crystal. The magnetic structure of more than one thousand crystals with magnetic order has been studied during 30 years of neutron diffraction research made on reactors in a large number of laboratories in the world. The results of this research work are extensively described in the handbook Magnetic Structures Determined by Neutron Diffraction [176]; in the present book, we will often refer to this handbook. The first extensive theoretical generalization of the principles of magnetic neutron diffraction and the results of research on magnetic structures appeared in the book by Yu. A. Izyumov and R. P. Ozerov Magnetic Neutron Diffraction [24, 134]. |
Contents
Chapter | 1 |
Irreducible Representations of Space Groups | 25 |
Shubnikov Groups of Crystals with Magnetic Order | 31 |
Copyright | |
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antiferromagnetic atomic spins axis b₁ b₂ basis functions Bragg peak Bravais cell calculated collinear coordinate corresponding cross section crystal structure crystallographic cubic curve denotes described determined dimensionality domains electron element g equation example exchange matrix exchange multiplet experimental ferromagnetic form factor garnets group G h₁ intensity irreducible representations k₂ Kovalev Let us consider Lifshits stars magnetic atoms magnetic lattice magnetic moments magnetic order magnetic reflections magnetic representation magnetic scattering magnetic structure magnetic symmetry mixing coefficients modulation neutron diffraction neutron diffraction patterns notation nuclear scattering obtained orientation orthoferrites paramagnetic parameters permutational representation phase transition Phys plane point groups polarized neutrons position primitive cell problem reciprocal lattice rotational S₁ satellites sentation Shubnikov groups space group spin reversal star k superposition symbol symmetry analysis t₁ t₂ tion transform transition channel translations unitary wave vector zeroth block