Taming HAL: Designing Interfaces Beyond 2001Machines dominate our lives, from alarm clocks that wake us up in the morning to radios that lull us to sleep. Most of our interactions with automated machines and computers are problem-free, but more often than we would like, they can be irritating and confusing. This is frequently harmless, such as a VCR recording the wrong show, but when it involves a critical system like an autopilot or medical device it can be a matter of life or death. Taming HAL seeks to explain these miscommunications between humans and machines by exploring user interfaces of everyday devices. Degani examines thirty different systems for human use, including watches, consumer electronic products, Internet applications, cars, medical equipment, navigation systems onboard cruise ships, and autopilots of commercial aircraft. Readers will discover why interfaces between people and machines all too often do not work and what needs to be done to avoid potential tragedies. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
Part | 6 |
Foundations | 9 |
Machines and Maps | 11 |
Users and Maps | 21 |
Nondeterminism in UserMachine Interaction | 35 |
The Crash of Korean Air Lines Flight 007 | 55 |
Part Two Characteristics of Machines and Principles of User Interaction | 67 |
Navigation and Internet Interaction | 135 |
Part Three User Interaction with Automated Control Systems | 147 |
On a Winters Night | 149 |
Incorrect Blood Pressure | 163 |
Procedures Synchronization and Automation | 177 |
Automation in Modern Aircraft | 200 |
Automation Protections and Tribulations | 214 |
Verification of UserMachine Interaction | 238 |
Characteristics of Machines and Frugal AirConditioners | 69 |
Cordless Phones and Population Stereotypes | 79 |
VCRs and Consistency Problems | 88 |
The Grounding of the Royal Majesty | 100 |
Walkin Interfaces and Internet Applications | 121 |
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abstraction accident air traffic control aircraft aircraft altitude Airlines alarm ALARM-ON anesthesiologist arm the spoilers automated control systems automated systems autopilot autothrottles behavior braking buoy button captain chapter checklist clock cockpit configuration copilot crew cruise control dead reckoning devices display driver engaged engine envelope protection system error event FACE & LEGS feet figure flight control panel flight management computer flying gas pedal go-around human IDLE indication INERTIAL NAVIGATION initial interface design internal intersection knots landing gear LEGS & DEFROST LEGS LEGS light light-on look LORAN-C machine model manual menu miles per hour mode mode non-determinism non-deterministic operating pilot pitch attitude population stereotypes problem procedure protection mode radar radar map reference value Royal Majesty runway safe screen seconds sequence set altitude ship spoilers switch takeoff to-low turn unsafe region user interaction user model user's VERTICAL NAVIGATION visitor
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