Technology of Paper Recycling

R. McKinney

Springer Science & Business Media, Nov 30, 1994 - Science - 401 pages

This book covers the technology of the recovery of secondary fibre for its use in paper and board manufacture. The editor, who has had substantial practical experience of designing and commissioning paper recycling plants all over the world, leads a team of experts who discuss subjects including sourcing, characterisation, mechanical handling and preparation and de-inking.

Contents

• Wastepaper recovery and collection: 11
• 12 Wastepaper recovery and reuse the global picture: 11
• 13 Wastepaper grading systems: 11
• 14 Definitions used in recycling and wastepaper collection: 11
• 142 Yield: 11
• 15 Recovery of wastepapers: 11
• 151 Recovery of packaging grades: 13
• 152 Recovery of news and magazines: 16
• 153 Woodfree wastepaper recovery: 18
• 16 Government policies regarding wastepaper collection: 21
• 17 Wastepaper prices: 23
• 171 Wastepaper value: 25
• References: 26
• Recovery and utilisation of wastepaper in Japan: 28
• 22 Classification of wastepaper: 31
• 23 Collection routes: 32
• 24 Recovery and utilisation rates: 35
• 25 Legislation: 38
• 26 Quality of recycled paper: 39
• 27 Outline of wastepaper treatment: 41
• 28 Specified facilities and chemicals: 42
• 284 Soaking: 43
• 287 Deinking chemicals: 44
• Classification of Japanese standard qualities of wastepaper: 45
• References: 47
• Wastepaper preparation and contamination removal: 48
• 32 Wastepaper contaminants: 50
• 322 Stickies composition and formation: 53
• 323 Control of stickies and other contaminants: 62
• 33 Equipment layout: 71
• 34 Wastepaper processing: 79
• 342 Screening and cleaning: 88
• 343 Dispersion: 101
• 344 Deinking: 112
• References: 124
• Chemical use in recycling: 130
• 42 Chemical use in deinking an overview: 131
• 423 What wash deinking chemicals do: 132
• 426 Flotation and combination deinking: 133
• 427 Types and amounts of chemicals used in flotation deinking: 134
• 429 How flotation deinking chemicals work: 135
• 4210 Problems caused by flotation deinking chemicals: 136
• 432 Soap: 138
• 433 Calcium salts: 139
• 434 Surfactants: 142
• 435 Displector deinking chemicals: 144
• 437 Hydrogen peroxide: 145
• 438 Sodium silicate: 146
• 439 Chelating agents: 147
• 4312 Talc: 148
• 4315 Flocculating chemicals: 149
• 44 Some specific recycling problems: 150
• 443 Carbonless copy paper: 151
• 445 Filler removal: 152
• 452 Enzymes: 153
• Recycled fibre bleaching: 157
• 53 Hydrogen peroxide addition in the pulper: 158
• 531 Total alkalinity optimisation: 159
• 532 Sodium silicate optimisation: 160
• 533 Bleaching and deinking: 162
• 54 Hydrogen peroxide in tower bleaching: 163
• 541 Pulp consistency: 164
• 55 Pulper bleaching versus tower bleaching: 165
• 56 Splitting of peroxide between pulper and tower: 168
• 571 Deinking prior to dispersion: 169
• 572 Bleaching results: 170
• 574 Disperser energy: 172
• 581 Metal ions: 174
• 582 Catalase enzyme: 176
• 583 Residuals of reductive bleaching agents: 177
• 510 Reductive bleaching agents: 178
• References: 179
• The effects of recycling on pulp quality: 180
• 62 The general effect of recycling: 181
• 622 Mechanical pulps: 184
• 63 Factors affecting the recycle potential: 186
• 632 The influence of paper making history: 188
• 633 The influence of converting history: 194
• 634 The influence of the consumer and collector: 195
• 64 Methods of controlling the paper making potential: 197
• 642 Prevention of hornification: 198
• 644 Chemical additives: 199
• 646 Chemical reprocessing: 200
• References: 201
• Water and waste water treatment in recycling mills: 204
• 72 Freshwater use in recycling: 205
• 721 Freshwater treatment: 207
• 73 Effluent loads: 208
• 731 Specific chemical constituents of effluents: 209
• 74 Effluent treatment standards: 211
• 75 Physiochemical treatment processes waste water clarification: 213
• 751 Pretreatment: 216
• 753 Dissolved air flotation DAF: 217
• 754 Filtration: 219
• 761 Anaerobic treatment processes: 220
• 762 Aerobic treatment processes: 222
• 763 Activated sludge: 225
• 764 Aerated lagoons aerated stabilisation basins: 227
• 771 Sludge collection and blending: 228
• 772 Sludge dewatering: 229
• 773 Sludge stabilisation: 230
• 774 Beneficial uses of sludges: 232
• 78 Chemical use in water clarification and effluent treatment: 233
• 782 Recycling mill backwater clarification: 234
• 783 Nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus: 239
• References: 241
• Manufacture of packaging grades from wastepaper: 244
• 811 Packaging products made from recycled fibres: 246
• 82 Wastepaper grades used in packaging production: 247
• 821 Wastepaper use in liner grades: 249
• 822 Wastepaper use in corrugating medium: 250
• 824 Wastepaper use in packaging papers: 251
• 831 Pulping systems: 252
• 832 Cleaning and screening systems: 256
• 833 Rejects handling: 261
• 834 Fractionation and dispersionkneading: 262
• 835 Strength development by refining: 271
• 836 Water treatment: 272
• 84 Board machine runnability with recycled grades: 274
• 85 Effect of the use of recycled fibres on product properties: 276
• 851 Starch use in recycled grades: 277
• 86 Properties of recycled fibre grades: 280
• 861 Solid fibreboard boxboard: 281
• 863 Liner board test liner: 286
• 87 Use of OCC to produce bleached board: 292
• References: 293
• Manufacture of newsprint using recycled fibres: 296
• 922 Old newspapers: 297
• 923 Magazine: 298
• 93 Recycled fibre processing: 300
• 94 Production of newsprint from recycled fibres: 304
• 95 Quality and performance of recycled newsprint: 306
• 951 Economics of wastepaper usage capital costs: 307
• References: 309
• The manufacture of tissue using recycled fibres: 311
• 1012 Wastepaper utilisation rates: 313
• 1013 Specifications of recycled fibre for tissue production: 314
• 102 Production problems associated with recycled fibres: 316
• 1022 Problems due to high ash: 319
• 1023 Problems due to stickies: 320
• 1024 Sheet breaks: 323
• 1025 Increased microbiological activity: 324
• 103 Effects of recycledfibre use on tissue quality: 326
• 1032 Effect on appearance: 328
• References: 329
• Manufacturing of printing and writing papers using recycled fibres: 331
• 113 Recovered wastepaper grades: 334
• 114 Recycledfibre manufacturing: 336
• 116 Recycledfibre stock preparation systems: 341
• 1162 Semiintegrated printing and writing mills: 342
• 1163 Integrated printing and writing mills: 343
• 118 Paper machine manufacturing technology: 345
• 119 Quality and performance of recycled printing and writing papers: 346
• 1192 Manufacturing efficiency for recycled printing and writing papers: 347
• 1193 Recycled alkaline printing and writing papers: 348
• 1111 Future for recycled printing and writing papers: 349
• References: 350
• Printing trends impact on paper recycling: 351
• 122 The influence of paper grade and paper properties: 352
• 1231 The pigment: 353
• 1233 Additives: 354
• 1241 Penetration and absorption drying: 355
• 1243 Precipitation and neutralisation: 356
• 1245 UV curing: 357
• 125 Impact of different printing processes and recycling: 358
• 1251 Letterpress: 359
• 7252 Offset lithography: 360
• 1253 Flexography: 363
• 1254 Rotogravure: 365
• 1255 Nonimpact printing: 366
• 126 Future development trends of different printing processes: 367
• References: 369
• Bibliography: 370
• Environmental impacts of paper recycling: 371
• 1311 Public health hazards: 374
• 1312 Contribution of the paper industry to pollution: 375
• 132 Relationships between paper recycling and current environmental issues: 377
• 1321 Ozone depletion: 378
• 1322 Global warming: 379
• 1323 Forest depletion: 380
• 1324 Utilisation of nonrenewable resources: 381
• 1325 Acidification: 382
• 1326 Water and air emissions: 384
• 1327 Summary of environmental impacts: 390
• 133 Environmental management systems: 391
• References: 392
• Index: 395

Bibliographic information

• Title: Technology of Paper Recycling
• Editor: R. McKinney
• Edition: illustrated
• Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media, 1994
• ISBN: 0751400173, 9780751400175
• Length: 401 pages
• Subjects: Science / Biotechnology; Science / Chemistry / Physical & Theoretical; Science / Life Sciences / Genetics & Genomics; Technology & Engineering / Mechanical