The State of Mathematics Achievement: Executive Summary : NAEP's 1990 Assessment of the Nation and the Trial Assessment of the States |
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95 percent certainty advantaged urban algebra and functions appear in parentheses Asian/Pacific Islander Assessment Program attending public schools average mathematics proficiency Average Proficiency Percent calculator course-taking data analysis disadvantaged urban District of Columbia Educational Testing Service eighth graders attending eighth-grade mathematics estimated percentages fewer fourth graders grade 12 graders attending public graders demonstrated Guam Hampshire heavy instructional emphasis high-school seniors higher average proficiency Hispanic Hispanic students learning lower average proficiency Lynn Steen mathematics achievement mathematics class mathematics content areas mathematics education mathematics instruction Minnesota minus two standard Montana NAEP NAEP's National Assessment Nebraska North Dakota numbers and operations Oregon participating percent at grade Percent of Average Percent of Students percentages and proficiencies population of interest pre-algebra proficiencies appear receiving heavy emphasis receiving heavy instructional Rhode Island sample standard errors Students Average Proficiency teachers reported Trial State Assessment twelfth graders Virgin Islands West Virginia whole numbers whole population Wisconsin Wyoming