Ultrasonics: Fundamentals, Technology, Applications, Second Edition, Revised and ExpandedMaintaining the features that made the first edition of this book a bestseller, Ultrasonics: Fundamentals, Technology, Applications, Second Edition describes the basic principles, theoretical background, and a wide range of applications of ultrasonic energy. This edition includes an expanded discussion of beats that now contains mathematical relationships, equations for designing large horns, an enlarged presentation of transducer designs, expanded tabulations of the acoustic properties of materials, additional information on nondestructive testing, expanded coverage of high-intensity ultrasound, and additional details regarding the medical applications of ultrasonics. |
Contents
VI | 9 |
IV | 21 |
V | 40 |
VII | 47 |
IV | 80 |
Design of Ultrasonic Horns for Processing Applications | 111 |
5 | 139 |
VIII | 171 |
Process Control | 377 |
Underwater Applications | 378 |
ง Delay Lines | 379 |
Applications in Air | 380 |
Measuring Fluid Flow Pressure and Temperature | 383 |
Indicating the Net Load of a Vehicle | 387 |
References | 388 |
Applications of HighIntensity UltrasonicsBasic Mechanisms and Effects | 391 |
Determining Properties of Materials | 179 |
IV | 197 |
Acoustical Properties of Materials | 205 |
XII | 230 |
Nondestructive TestingBasic Methods and General Considerations | 233 |
Factors Affecting Resolution and Sensitivity | 237 |
Unconventional Techniques Used for Nondestructive Testing | 240 |
Instrumentation | 250 |
References | 269 |
Use of Ultrasonics in the Nondestructive Testing of Metals | 273 |
Internal Structure of Metals | 274 |
Inspection of Basic Structures and Products | 288 |
Inspection of Hot Metals | 322 |
Determination of Bond Integrity | 324 |
Thickness Measurements | 326 |
Inspection of Solder Joints | 330 |
InService Inspection of Nuclear Reactors | 333 |
References | 337 |
Use of Ultrasonics in the Inspection of Nonmetals | 343 |
Timber | 345 |
Tires | 348 |
Leather | 349 |
FibrousBonded Composites | 350 |
Plastics | 352 |
Adhesive Bond Integrity | 354 |
Animal Testing | 356 |
Imaging Process Control and Miscellaneous Low Intensity Applications | 359 |
General Discussion | 392 |
Mechanical Effects | 394 |
Chemical Effects | 402 |
Metallurgical Effects | 413 |
References | 415 |
Applications of HighIntensity Ultrasonics Based on Mechanical Effects | 419 |
Cleaning | 420 |
Machining Forming and Joining | 438 |
Liquid Atomization and Droplet Formation | 467 |
Agglomeration and Flocculation | 474 |
Agricultural Applications | 479 |
Pest Control | 480 |
Control of Foams | 481 |
Preparation of Carbon Spheres | 482 |
| 487 | |
Applications of Ultrasonics Based on Chemical Effects | 493 |
Treating Beverages Juices and Essential Oils | 495 |
Treatment of Sewage | 496 |
Extraction Processes | 497 |
Demulsification of Crude Petroleum | 499 |
Ultrasonic Catalysis and Chemical Synthesis General Comments | 501 |
Electrolysis and Electroplating | 505 |
References | 506 |
Medical Applications of Ultrasonic Energy | 511 |
Glossary | 559 |
| 569 | |
Common terms and phrases
acoustic impedance aluminum amplitude angle applications of ultrasonics attenuation beam bonding bubbles cause cavitation chemical circuit components constant corresponding crystal d₂ defects density determined devices diameter direction displacement ducer echo effects elastic electrical electronic elements equation Eval factor ferroelectric flexural grain heat high-intensity horn hyperthermia increase inspection intensity interface irradiation Lamb waves liquid located longitudinal waves magnetostrictive magnetostrictive transducer materials maximum measuring mechanical medium metal method mode modulus node nondestructive testing obtained operation oscillator oscilloscope oxide particles phase phase velocity plate Poisson's ratio pressure probe produced propagation pulse pulse-echo radiation ratio reflected resonant frequency scanning scattering shear waves signal sodium Sodium carbonate sodium sulfide solution sonic sonoluminescence specimen steel stress surface tank technique temperature thickness tion tissue trans transmitted tubing types ultra ultrasonic cleaning ultrasonic energy ultrasonic waves ultrasound velocity of sound vibration voltage wavelength welding whistle ах
Popular passages
Page 508 - a medium in such a manner that at any point in the medium the displacement at a point is a function of the position of the point.
Page 508 - a progressive wave in space, a continuous surface which is a locus of points having the same phase at a given instant; (2)
Page 508 - a progressive surface wave, a continuous line which is a locus of points having the same phase at a given instant.
Page 508 - the presence of objects, determining their direction and range, recognizing their character, and employing the data thus obtained in the performance of
Page 508 - the ratio of the intensity of the transmitted wave to that of the incident wave