On the Economy of Plant Form and Function: Proceedings of the Sixth Maria Moors Cabot SymposiumThomas J. Givnish Recent studies that analyze the impact of various plant traits on whole-plant growth and competitive ability have provided insights into the selective pressures on characteristics such as leaf reflectivity, effective leaf size, stomatal conductance, size of photosynthetic enzyme pools, crown form, xylem structure, nitrogen fixation, and root versus shoot allocation. This research has reached an exciting stage, leading to quantitative predictions of favoured trends in these traits as a function of environmental parameters and fundamental physiological constraints. Such results reveal the importance of ecological patterns in plant form and physiology, and of evolutionary constraints on photosynthesis and primary productivity. On the Economy of Plant Form and Function summarizes the major recent advances in the economic analysis of plant behavior and suggests a framework for a unified, quantitative approach to understanding photosynthetic adaptations, their integration with other aspects of plant form, and their relationship to carbon balance and ultimate limits on plant productivity. |
Contents
Preface page xi | 1721 |
In defence of socalled autonomous linguistics 22 12 | 1734 |
Linguistic theory and theoretical linguistics 27 | 1749 |
English Urdu | 1768 |
The origin of language speech and languages 73 | 1795 |
some typological | 1818 |
Towards a notional theory of the parts of speech 110 | 1832 |
Deixis as the source of reference 146 | 1868 |
Unusual strategies of light absorption in rainforest herbs | 105 |
Epidermal lenses | 114 |
Blue iridescence | 121 |
28 | 125 |
Economics of carbon fixation in higher plants | 133 |
34 | 148 |
39 | 165 |
41 | 182 |
Deixis and anaphora 166 | 1888 |
The scientific study of language Inaugural Lecture | 1901 |
Notes 202 | 1924 |
References 240 | 1962 |
Subject index 278 | 4 |
Acknowledgments | xv |
Economics of gas exchange | 11 |
The photosynthesisnitrogen relationship in wild plants | 25 |
Deciding among the three hypotheses | 41 |
Integration and conclusions | 49 |
Modifications of solarradiation absorption patterns | 57 |
11 | 76 |
Form and orientation in relation to PAR interception | 83 |
PAR influences on CO2 uptake and acidity changes | 89 |
Other correlations between cactus morphology and | 96 |
42 | 211 |
134 | 324 |
Adaptations for water and thermal balance in Andean | 381 |
MOUNT | 410 |
Economics of support | 413 |
Evolution of plant life forms | 421 |
60 | 430 |
62 | 488 |
The roles of carbon balance and branching pattern in | 585 |
form and mechanical function | 603 |
Deflection and breakage | 611 |
Tradeoffs | 622 |
ecological | 635 |
Other editions - View all
Natural Language and Universal Grammar: Volume 1: Essays in Linguistic Theory John Lyons Limited preview - 1991 |
Natural Language and Universal Grammar: Volume 1: Essays in Linguistic Theory John Lyons No preview available - 1991 |
Natural Language and Universal Grammar: Volume 1: Essays in Linguistic Theory John Lyons No preview available - 2006 |
Common terms and phrases
adaptive Amax analysis anaphora carbon gain carboxylase cell Chapter chlorenchyma chlorophyll chloroplast Chomsky cladodes CO₂ CO₂ uptake cost of transpiration Cowan decrease deictic deixis diffusion distinction ecological effects Ehleringer English environment enzymes epidermis equation Farquhar Figure fixation forest function Givnish grammar growth habitats haptophytes hydraulic hydraulic conductivity increase language-system layer leaf leaf absorptance leaf allocation leaf area leaf temperature leaf water potential leaves levels light Lyons mesophyll microlinguistics mmol Mooney N-languages nitrogen nitrogen fixation Nobel nodules nouns nutrient Oecologia optimal stomatal palisade parameters phonological photon photon flux density photosynthesis photosynthetic capacity physiological Plant Physiol predicted pubescence radiation rate of assimilation Raven reference relation relationship relative root systems Rubisco semantics sentences shrubs species stomatal stomatal conductance stomatal resistance structure surface syntactic theoretical linguistics tion tissue tropical turgor pressure University Press values variation verbs vessel water loss water potential xylem