Evolutionary Strategies of Parasitic Insects and MitesPeter W. Price This volume contains the invited lectures presented in a symposium entitled "Evolutionary strategies of parasitic insects and mites" at the national meeting of the Entomological Society of America in Minneapolis, Minnesota, 2-5 December, 1974. The intent was to bring together biologists who have worked on arthropods that are either plant or animal parasites in order to foster consideration of general aspects of the parasitic way of life. There seems to be a deficiency of ecological and evolutionary concepts relating to parasitism, in contrast to the burgeoning literature on predation, and it appeared that an amalgamation of studies on plant and animal parasites might help development of some generalities. Since parasities are far more numerous than predators in the world fauna, or in any particular community, emphasis on their study is justified. I freely admit that para sitoids have been usefully regarded as predators by ecologists, and many concepts on predation have been derived from their study. Also, in whichever category one places the parasitoids, that is the one which contains the most species. However, from an evolu tionary point of view they show many characteristics that must be regarded as those of a parasite. Notably, they are small, highly specific to their host, highly coevolved with it, as a result many species can coexist, and their adaptive radiation has produced the majority of the species diversity seen on Earth today. |
Contents
Peter W Price | 1 |
Some Components in an Evolutionary | 10 |
Rodger Mitchell | 49 |
Copyright | |
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Acacia adaptive adult Amblycerus Amer antennae Aphytis Askew attack beetles behavior biology Braconidae Bush Cardiochiles nigriceps chalcid chemical cherry competition copulation courtship cues cynipid deciduous forest density dispersal agents Ecology ectoparasites eggs emergence endoparasitoids Entomol Eulophidae evolution evolutionary factors farnesiana fecundity female fruit gall-maker gene genetic gland Guanacaste habitat Heliothis hemolymph host discrimination host plant host race host selection host species host-seeking stimulant Hymenoptera hyperparasite hyperparasitoids Ichneumonidae Iwata Janzen K-selected large number larvae leaf-miner male mating Melittobia mites mortality moth number of ovarioles oak gall occur ovariole number ovarioles per ovary oviposition ovipositor Pampel parasitic insects parasitic wasps parasitized hosts parasitoid patterns pheromone Phyllonorycter pods polyphagous polyphagous parasites population models potential host Price progeny Rhagoletis sawfly searching secondary compounds seed crop seed predators sibling species stages strategies strategists survivorship curves sympatric speciation Table Tachinidae Tephritidae Townsend tree Type virescens vitripennis