Fiscal Year 1982 Department of Energy, Authorization for National Security Programs: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Strategic and Theater Nuclear Forces of the Committee on Armed Services, United States Senate, Ninety-seventh Congress, First Session, on S. 846 ... March 13 and May 5, 1981

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Page 135 - Naval nuclear-powered ships has had no significant or discernable effect on the quality of the environment. A summary of the radiological information supporting this conclusion follows: From the start of the Naval nuclear propulsion program, the policy of the US Navy has been to reduce to the minimum practicable the amounts of radioactivity released into harbors.
Page 141 - ... issued by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission and by other standard-setting organizations is one hundred times higher for tritium than for cobalt 60.
Page 140 - As a result, the radioactivity concentration guide for carbon 14 in its chemical form in air issued by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission and by other standard-setting organizations is three thousand times higher than for cobalt 60.
Page 132 - This report confirms that procedures used by the Navy to control releases of radioactivity from US Naval nuclearpowered ships and their support facilities are effective in protecting the environment and the health and safety of the general public.
Page 84 - However, the subcommittee on Seapower and Strategic and Critical Materials of the House Armed Services Committee looked into this in depth and issued a report on December 12, 1979.
Page 138 - Radionuclides Reactor coolant also contains short-lived radionuclides with half-lives of seconds to hours. Their highest concentrations in reactor coolant are from nitrogen 16 (7 second half-life), nitrogen 13 (10 minute half-life), fluorine 18 (1.8 hour half-life), argon 41 (1.8 hour halflife) and manganese 56 (2.6 hour half-life). Total shortlived radioactivity released in water in a year to any harbor has been less than 0.001 curie.
Page 155 - ... twice per year shoreline areas uncovered at low tide are surveyed for radiation levels with sensitive scintillation detectors to determine if any radioactivity from bottom sediment washed ashore. All results were the same as background radiation levels in these regions, approximately 0.01 millirem per hour. Thus, there is no evidence in these ports that these areas are being affected by nuclear-powered ship operations.
Page 2 - Congress, unless (1) a period of thirty calendar days (not including any day in which either House of Congress is not in session because of adjournment of more than three calendar days to a day certain...
Page 154 - Cobalt 60 is not detectable above background levels in general harbor bottom areas away from these piers. Maximum total radioactivity observed in a US harbor of less than 0.1 curie of cobalt 60 is small compared to the naturally occurring radioactivity.
Page 209 - Measurements has stated that while exoosures of workers and the general population should be kept to the lowest practicable level at all times, the presently permitted exposures represent a level of risk small compared with other hazards of life. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has stated, "Control of exposure to radiation 1s based on the assumption that any exposure, no matter how small, Involves some risk.

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