Lecture Notes on Hydrometallurgy: Theory and Practice |
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according to equation activation energy adsorption aluminum anodic approximately Aqueous Autotrophic back reactions bacteria basic iron sulfate bornite boundary calcium carbon cathodic chalcocite chalcopyrite Chem chemical concentration copper extraction copper release Copper Sulfide covellite Cu₂S CuFeS2 diffusion digenite dump leaching effect electrochemical electrode elemental sulfur equilibrium ferric iron ferric sulfate ferrous Figure fraction free energy H₂S heterotrophic hydrogen ion hydrogen sulfide hydrometallurgical increase indicated initial involved iron salts iron sulfate K₁ kcal/per mole kinetics of dissolution layer leach solutions leaching operation linear rate magnesium metal sulfides Metallurgical microorganisms Mines molecules nickel oxidation oxygen oxygen up-take particle percent plot pores potential precipitation products of reaction pyrite rate controlling reactants reacted reaction rate reaction zone Recovery of Copper represents solvent extraction species steady-state sulfide minerals sulfuric acid surface reaction temperature thiobacillus thiooxidans tion Trans Type uranium versus Δη