Rice Economy; Employment and Income in MalaysiaMalaysia. Case study of rice cultivation in four West Malaysian rural area communities to illustrate the rural employment and economic implications thereof for rural workers - sets out the limited employment opportunities, low productivity, inefficient marketing (incl. Cooperative marketing) arrangements, low income and poor living conditions of rice farmers, covers problems of underemployment and seasonal unemployment (incl. Among the woman worker force) etc., and includes schedules and questionnaires used. Statistical tables. |
Contents
METHOD OF ANALYSIS | 7 |
LABOUR UTILIZATION IN THE DOUBLE CROPPING | 15 |
EXPENDITURE PATTERN OF HOUSEHOLDS IN | 53 |
Copyright | |
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4-6 Relongs 6-8 Relongs agricultural Appendix Average per Household capital formation cash income cash outflow cultivating 1-2 relongs dealers disguised unemployment double-cropping area Economic Farm Expenses farm produce retained Federation of Malaya Fishing gantangs household expenditure households cultivating Households Dollars Income from Marketing INCOME PER HOUSEHOLD June July Aug katis Kedah Kuala Lumpur kuncha labour utilization Landless Households larger farms larger holdings main season Malaya Malaysia March April Total marginal productivity mills Minding Buffaloes months Muda River non-farm income Off-farm Employment off-season crop padi farmers padi farms pattern payments in kind Percentage period picul ploughing poultry Productive Activities Province Wellesley rate of return Relongs 2-4 Relongs Relongs 4-6 Relongs Dollars rent retained for home rice Rubber Farms Sept single-cropping area sold surplus labour survey Table Total On-farm Employment Total Productive Employment transplanting underdeveloped countries Underemployment per cent Value of Farm villages wages women