Plant Disease: An Advanced Treatise, Volume 5James Gordon Horsfall, Ellis Brevier Cowling Conteúdo: How plants defend themselves. |
Contents
GEORGE N AGRIOS | 18 |
Host Factors That Promote Escape | 23 |
Pathogen Factors That Promote Escape | 29 |
17 | 35 |
HARRY MUSSELL | 39 |
6 | 52 |
THE TIME SEQUENCE OF DEFENSE | 53 |
Soil Pathogens | 69 |
Defenses Triggered by SoilBorne Fungal Pathogens | 326 |
Practical Implications of Induced Resistance and Antagonism | 329 |
Conclusions | 330 |
NEMATODES AND INSECTS JOHN L MCINTYRE I Introduction Nematodes | 333 |
Simultaneous Inoculation | 334 |
SplitRoot Inoculation | 335 |
Mode of Action | 336 |
Nematodes | 337 |
15 | 72 |
HOW PLANT POPULATIONS | 75 |
20 | 86 |
222 | 100 |
The Theory of Defense | 105 |
Defenses Outside the WallsAppendages | 106 |
Defenses Outside the WallsThe Surface Coverings | 107 |
Assistance in Defense by Other Surface Organisms | 110 |
Defenses at the Walls | 111 |
Defenses at the Gates and Breaches in the Walls | 113 |
Conclusions | 117 |
References | 118 |
EXTRUDED CHEMICALS A R WEINHOLD AND J G HANCOCK I Introduction | 121 |
General Nature of Extruded Chemicals | 122 |
Zones of Plant Influence | 123 |
Nature of Extruded Toxic Chemicals | 124 |
Direct Toxicity of Extruded Chemicals in Plant Defense | 125 |
Indirect Effects through Stimulating Surface Antagonists | 130 |
Potential for Disease Control through Altering Host Physiology to Favor Antagonists | 132 |
Conclusions | 133 |
References | 134 |
18 | 135 |
PREFORMED INTERNAL PHYSICAL DEFENSES SHIGEYASU AKAI AND MASAO FUKUTOMI I Introduction | 139 |
Preformed Physical Barricades | 140 |
Discussion | 156 |
References | 158 |
PREFORMED INTERNAL CHEMICAL DEFENSES ECKART W SCHLÖSSER I Introduction | 161 |
Lack of Essential Factors | 162 |
Enzyme Inhibitors | 165 |
Hydrolytic Enzymes | 167 |
Antifungal Compounds | 168 |
Role of Preformed Chemical Defenses | 170 |
Chances of Overcoming Preformed Chemical Barriers | 172 |
Epilogue | 173 |
References | 174 |
19 | 175 |
Internal Synergisms among Organisms Inducing Disease | 176 |
RECOGNITION AND COMPATIBILITY | 179 |
22 | 186 |
26 | 198 |
DEFENSES TRIGGERED BY | 201 |
23 | 222 |
29 | 224 |
DEFENSES TRIGGERED BY | 225 |
30 | 231 |
DEFENSES TRIGGERED BY | 247 |
Comments of Isolation and Characterization of Elicitors | 256 |
31 | 264 |
33 | 265 |
DEFENSES TRIGGERED BY | 269 |
32 | 276 |
DEFENSES TRIGGERED | 279 |
33 | 300 |
DEFENSES TRIGGERED | 305 |
DEFENSES TRIGGERED | 319 |
Protection by Previous Fungal Invaders | 323 |
Insects | 338 |
Glucosides and Plant Resistance to Insects | 339 |
Proteinase Inhibitors | 340 |
Insects | 341 |
References | 342 |
DEFENSES TRIGGERED BY PREVIOUS DIVERSE INVADERS ALBERTO MATTA I Introduction | 345 |
Objectives | 346 |
Viral Inducers against Diverse Challengers | 348 |
Diverse Inducers against Diverse Challengers | 350 |
Some Possible Mechanisms of Induced Protection | 351 |
A Point of View | 356 |
References | 359 |
HYPOVIRULENCE AND HYPERPARASITISM E GEORGE KUHLMAN I Introduction | 363 |
Examples of Hypovirulence | 364 |
The Probable Cause of Hypovirulence | 367 |
Biocontrol with Hyperparasites | 370 |
Useful Attributes for Hyperparasites | 371 |
The Quest for Hyperparasites | 375 |
References | 377 |
THE ROLE OF MINERAL NUTRITION IN DEFENSE DON M HUBER I Introduction | 381 |
Effect of Individual Nutrients on Defense | 382 |
Mechanisms by Which Nutrients Facilitate Defense | 391 |
Conclusions | 402 |
References | 404 |
Disturbed Mineral Nutrition | 405 |
ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES TO DEFENSE AND REPAIR S B MCLAUGHLIN AND D S SHRINER I Introduction | 407 |
Concepts in Resource Allocation | 408 |
The Relationship of Carbon Metabolism to Carbon Allocation | 409 |
The Relationship of Allocation to Defense and Repair | 412 |
Major Defense Mechanisms That Result in Measurable Changes in Resource Allocation | 413 |
WholePlant Costs of Allocation Strategies | 418 |
Dysfunction and Shortfalls in Symbiotic Responses | 421 |
Future Prospects | 426 |
References | 428 |
35 | 429 |
ANENT A PHILOSOPHY OF PLANT PATHOLOGY JAMES G HORSFALL AND ELLIS B COWLING I Introduction | 433 |
About Science and Research | 434 |
About Scientists | 435 |
About Plant Pathology | 436 |
About Basic Pure and Useful Impure Research | 437 |
About Peer Review | 438 |
About Thinking | 439 |
About Writing | 440 |
About Institutions | 442 |
About Science and Public Policy | 443 |
VOLUME IVHOW PATHOGENS INDUCE DISEASE | 445 |
The Sociology of Plant Pathology | 446 |
Author Index | 449 |
The Genetic Base of Epidemics | 452 |
Subject Index | 467 |
Cumulative Index of Major Concepts Volumes IV | 509 |
Chemotherapy | 510 |
Geophytopathology | 513 |
Cumulative Index of Major Principles Volumes IV | 519 |
VOLUME IIIHOW PLANTS SUFFER FROM DISEASE | 520 |
How Viruses and Viroids Induce Disease | 524 |