Nuclear Radiation Detectors |
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absorption alpha particles anode anode wire anthracene argon atomic number avalanche beta particles bias curve cathode cent Chap charged particle cm Hg cm² coefficient collision Compton count rate cross-section crystal cylindrical density detection medium detector diameter discharge distribution dynode effect electric field emitted energy dissipated energy loss excited fast neutrons Fission flux foil free electron G.M. tubes gamma rays gas multiplication gases Geiger counter geometry give rise hydrogen increase Inst ion chamber ion pairs ionization maximum mean free path measured mg/cm² molecules multiplier NaI-Tl Nucleonics obtained outer electrode output pair production parallel phosphor photoelectrons photomultiplier photosurface Phys positive ions pressure primary Proc produced proportional counter protons pulse amplitude quenching agent radiation range reaction recombination scattering scintillation counter secondary emission shown in Fig signal space charge surface thermal thickness threshold tion velocity