Instrumental Insemination of Queen Bees |
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abdomen adjusted amount of semen anesthetic brood combs bulb bursa copulatrix bursal pouch carbon dioxide carbon dioxide treatments diameter diaphragm plunger dorsal drone brood drone comb ejaculatory duct eversion and ejaculation evert FIGURE forceps holding hooks holds the queen inated inch injection insem inseminated queens insemination apparatus insert the syringe instrumental insemination Laidlaw apparatus laying queens leave the hive Maintaining Queens manipulating apparatus median oviduct method microliter microscope million sperm moved mucous glands muscles naturally mated queens nuclei number of sperm nursery colony penis percent permitting placed pollen queen cells queen emergence queen excluder queen holder queen manipulator queen rearing queens and drones rack and pinion reaching the spermatheca reproductive organs reproductive tract saline solution screw plunger semen and mucus seminal vesicles septicemia sperm reaching sting hook stopper syringe manipulator syringe tip technique Terramycin tion tube vagina vaginal orifice valve valvefold probe ventral hook virgin queens worker bees