Rho GTPases (Google eBook)

Marc Symons

Springer, May 31, 2004 - Science - 235 pages

Members of the Rho family of small GTP-binding proteins (GTPases) are key signal transduction proteins that mediate signals initiated by growth factors, cytokines and cell adhesion proteins. Our knowledge about Rho GTPases has rapidly expanded over the past several years and Rho GTPases is the first book to provide a comprehensive overview of the regulation and functions of this important class of proteins. This book includes several chapters dedicated to the review of various classes of proteins that control the localization and activation state of Rho GTPases. Additional chapters discuss the wide range of biological functions that are controlled by Rho GTPases, including the organization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell proliferation and cell motility. Rho GTPases is essential reading for cell and molecular biologists, biochemists and geneticists. The critical roles of Rho family members in cancer and inflammatory diseases makes Rho GTPases also an invaluable guide for clinical investigators and pharmacologists.

Contents

• Signalling Networks of Rho GTPases: 1
• Biological Activities of Unconventional Rho Proteins: 3
• Signalling Networks Controlled by Rho Proteins in Mammals: 8
• Concluding Remarks: 10
• Intracellular Targeting of Rho Family GTPases Implications of Localization on Function: 17
• Targeting MotifsLocation Location Location: 19
• CTerminal Targeting MotifsThe Importance of Being Hypervariable: 25
• TC10 and Cdc42A Tail of Two GTPases: 26
• RhoGDIThe Catcher in the Cytosol: 27
• ConclusionsYou Are Where You Are: 28
• Regulation of the RhoGTPases by RhoGDI: 32
• GDIs As Multifunctional Regulators of Signalling through Rho GTPases: 33
• Structural Insights into GDI Function: 35
• Future Directions: 41
• Conclusion: 43
• Rho Family Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors: 46
• Structure of RhoGEFs: 49
• Regulation of RhoGEFs: 50
• Physiological Roles for RhoGEFs: 56
• RhoGEFs and Human Disease: 61
• Future Perspectives: 63
• The Superfamily of Rho GTPaseActivating Proteins: 68
• Molecular Basis of the GTPaseStimulating Activity: 72
• RhoGAPs Are Multifunctional Proteins: 74
• RhoGAPs in HostPathogen Interaction: 81
• Conclusion: 85
• Rnd Proteins Intriguing Members of the Rho Family: 96
• Chromosomal Localization: 98
• Do Rnd Proteins Need GEFs for Activation: 99
• Localization of Rnd1 in Swiss 3T3 Fibroblasts and Microinjected MDCK Cells: 101
• Proteins Interacting with Rnds: 102
• Induced Expression of Rnd3 Participates in the Transformation of Epithelial Cells by Raf: 103
• Rnds in Development: 104
• Rho GTPases in the Organization of the Actin Cytoskeleton: 107
• Membrane Ruffles Filopodia and Stress Fibres: 108
• ActinMyosin II Contractility and Stress Fibre Formation: 109
• Controlling Actin Treadmilling: 110
• Arp23Mediated Actin Nucleation and Branching: 111
• Tethering Assembled Actin to Membranes: 112
• CellCell Adhesion: 115
• Cadherin Receptors: 117
• Experimental Models to Investigate CellCell Adhesion Regulation: 120
• Regulation of Cadherin Function: 122
• Signalling from Cadherin Receptors: 130
• Conclusions: 132
• Rho GTPases and Cell Motility: 141
• Rho GTPases and Cell Polarity: 142
• Actin Polymerization at the Leading Edge: 145
• Remodeling Focal Contacts: 148
• The Generation of Contractile Force: 150
• Summary: 152
• The RhoGTPase in Tumor Invasion: 155
• RHO Involvement in Tumor Progression: 156
• Mechanisms of Rho Involvement in Invasion: 157
• Conclusions: 159
• Rho Family GTPases and Cellular Transformation: 163
• Rho GTPases Function As MembraneAssociated GDP GTPRegulated Molecular Switches: 164
• Rho Family GTPases Are Critical Components of Diverse Signalling: 169
• Rho GTPases Promote Oncogenic Transformation: 170
• Rho GTPases Mediate Transformation through Multiple Effectors: 175
• Conclusions and Future Directions: 177
• Rho GTPases in Lipid Metabolism: 185
• RacMediated Arachidonic Acid Release: 188
• Rho A As an Effector of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism: 190
• Phospholipase D As an Effector of Rho Family GTPases: 191
• Final Considerations: 192
• The Role of Rho GTPases in Vesicle Trafficking: 196
• Macropinocytosis: 199
• Exocytosis: 201
• Trafficking in Polarized Epithelial Cells: 202
• Trafficking Controlled by Rho GTPases in the Regulation of Cell Motility and CellCell Junctions: 203
• The Dictyostelium Rho Family of Proteins and Effectors: 208
• An Overview of the Dictyostelium Rho Family of GTPases: 209
• Rho Family GTPase Regulators and Effectors: 212
• Other Proteins that Interact with Rho Family GTPases: 215
• Summary: 216
• Rho GTPases in Plants: 219
• Regulation of Rop: 221
• Rop Localization: 222
• RopRegulated Processes: 223
• Concluding Remarks: 227
• Index: 231

Popular passages

Page 205 - Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells.‎

Page 228 - S. typhimurium encodes an activator of Rho GTPases that induces membrane ruffling and nuclear responses in host cells, Cell 93:815-826.‎

Bibliographic information

• Title: Rho GTPases; Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit
• Editor: Marc Symons
• Contributor: Marc Symons
• Edition: illustrated
• Publisher: Springer, 2004
• ISBN: 0306479923, 9780306479922
• Length: 235 pages
• Subjects: Science / Life Sciences / Biochemistry; Science / Life Sciences / Microbiology; Science / Life Sciences / Molecular Biology