The Indus CivilizationIn 1921 at Harappa, a small town in the Punjab, and in 1922 at Mohenjo-daro in Sind, evidence was discovered of an evolved urban culture nearly two thousand years older than any previously recognized in the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent. From the distribution of the sites first explored, the culture was named the Indus Valley civilization. This name it retains, although subsequent research has revealed elements of the civilization on the one hand westwards to the Makran coast and Saurashtra, and on the other hand eastwards into the valley of the Yamuna (Jumna). Thus amplified, the civilization is appreciably larger than its contemporaries in Iraq and Egypt. In this digital reprint of the 1968 third edition, Sir Mortimer Wheeler summarized other contributions to the study of the Indus civilization, and included discussions on climate and dating. The book includes well over 50 photographs of pottery, sculpture and sites. |
Contents
Towns and villages of hill and plain | 9 |
The Indus civilization | 24 |
Mohenjodaro | 37 |
Chanhudaro | 56 |
Military aspects of the Indus civilization | 72 |
Arts and crafts | 86 |
The Indus script | 107 |
Dating | 126 |
distribution of Harappan sites | 138 |
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Common terms and phrases
Amri Ancient India animals appear Arch Archaeology Aryan Bahawalpur baked brick Baluch Baluchistan Bath beads bronze building bull cemetery H cemetery R 37 central ceramic chalcolithic Chanhu-daro chert citadel citadel-mound copper Dales decoration Dilmun DK Area east Egypt evidence examples faïence feet wide fortifications Granary Harappā Harappan culture Harappan sites HR Area Ibid inches indicate Indus civilization Indus script Indus type Indus valley Jhukar Kalibangan Karachi Kot Diji Kot Dijian Kulli Larsa late later Lothal Mackay Makran Marshall Mesopotamia miles millennium B.C. Mohenjo-daro mound mud-brick Mundigak N. G. MAJUMDAR northern occur Pakistan perhaps period Persian Gulf phase Piggott platform pottery Prehistoric India present probably Quetta Rajasthan represent revetment Rojdi Sargonid Saurashtra script sherds showing side skeletons skulls southern steatite stone stratum structures sub-Indus suggested Sumer Sumerian Tell Asmar Tell Brak terracotta terracotta figurines Vats wall ware western