Low-Noise Electronic Design |
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additional amplifier applications bandwidth base bias biasing bipolar calculated capacitance capacitor caused Chapter circuit collector current components connected considered constant contribution coupling dependent determined device diode discussed effect electronic elements emitter equal equation equivalent input noise example excess noise expression factor feedback figure filter frequency function given impedance increases inductance input resistance l/f noise less load low-noise measured mechanisms meter method noise current noise source noise voltage obtain operating output output noise pair parallel parameters performance present primary problem provides R₁ ratio reduced reference represent resistor response selected sensor shielded shot noise shown in Fig shunt signal source resistance square stage term terminal thermal noise transfer transformer transistor voltage gain wave ΚΩ