Beginners' Botany |
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animals anther antheridia apple archegonia axils bacteria bark bean become berry borne branches buds bundles called calyx carbon dioxid carpels caulicle cells chlorophyll cion cluster color common compound contain corolla cotyledons covered dehiscence dicotyledons egg-cell epidermis fern fertilization flower-clusters flowers frond fruit fungi fungus garden geranium germination grains grass green growth hypocotyl insect Isoëtes kind of plant known L. H. Bailey's layer leaf leaflets leaves maple marchantia mature microscope midrib moist monocotyledons moss mycelium oögonia organic ovary oxygen parasitic peach pear pericarp petals petiole pine pistils plants grow pollen potato produce prothallus protoplasm pupil root-hairs roots season seeds shape shoot showing shown side soil sometimes sporangia sporangium spores sporophyte spring stalk stamens starch stem stigma stomates strands surface tendril thallus threads tion tissue trees trunk tube twig usually wall wheat willow winter wood woody zygospores
Popular passages
Page 207 - It cares little for science for science' sake, but its point of view is nature-study in its best sense. The book is divided into four parts, any or all of which may be used in the school: the plant itself; the plant in its environment; histology, or the minute structure of plants ; the kinds of plants (with a key, and descriptions of 300 common species). The introduction contains advico to teachers.
Page 184 - Vaucheria has a special mode of asexual reproduction by means of swimming spores or swarm-spores. These are formed singly in a short enlarged lateral branch known as the sporangium. When the sporangium bursts, the entire contents escape, forming a single large swarm-spore, which swims about by means of numerous lashes or cilia on its surface. The swarm spores are so large that they can be seen with the naked eye.
Page 122 - Each child will want a plant. It is not always easy to find growing shoots from which to make the cuttings. The best practice is to cut back some old plant severely, then keep it warm and well watered, and thereby force it to throw out new shoots. The old geranium plant from the window garden, or the one taken up from the lawn bed, may be served this way.
Page 124 - Fig. 56 the stock waxed. It will be seen that the lower bud — that lying in the wedge — is covered by the wax ; but being nearest the food supply and least exposed to weather, it is the most likely to grow ; it pushes through the wax. The wax is made of beeswax, resin and tallow. The hands are greased, and the wax is then worked until it is soft enough to spread. For the little grafting which any school would do, it is better to buy the wax of a seedsman.
Page 46 - ... order that the root-hairs may be so active as to supply the water as rapidly as it is needed. If the roots are chilled, then the plant will wilt. We may try this experimentally with two potted plants, as radish, coleus, tomato, etc. Put one pot in a dish of ice water, and the other in a dish of warm water, and keep them in a warm room. In a short time notice how stiff and vigorous is the one whose roots are warm. Perhaps the one whose roots are chilled is already beginning to show signs of wilting....
Page 94 - After being changed to the soluble form, this material is ready to be used in growth, either in the leaf, in the stem, or in the roots. With other more complex products it is then distributed throughout all of the growing parts of the plant ; and when passing down to the root it passes more readily through the inner bark, in plants which have a definite bark.
Page 121 - ... short, it may comprise two or three joints. Allow one to three leaves to remain at the top. If these leaves are large, cut them in two. Insert the cutting half or more its length in clean sand or gravel. Press the earth firmly about it. Throw a newspaper over the bed to exclude the light — if the sun strikes it — and to prevent too rapid evaporation. See that the soil is moist clear through, not on top only.