General Notions of Chemistry |
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Common terms and phrases
absorbed acetic action alcohol alkalies alloys alumine amidon ammonia animal arsenic arsenious acid azotic acid base becomes boiling burns calcination called carbonate of lime carbonic acid cast-iron cent charcoal chlorhydric acid chlorine clay coal cold coloring matter combination combustion contains cooling copper crystals decomposed deposits disengaged dissolves distillation essential oils ether evaporation exposed extracted fecula fermentation flame furnace fusible gases gives glass gold heat hydrate hydrogen influence insoluble kilogrammes liquid liquor manganese manufacture manure matrass melted mercury metals mixed mixture nitric acid nitrogen obtained organic oxalic acid oxide oxide of iron oxygen phosphorus placed platinum porcelain potash potassium powder precipitated prepared produced proportion protoxide pure retort salt saltpetre saponification silex silicate silver small quantity soaps soda soil solid soluble in water solution substances sugar sulphate sulphuret sulphuric acid syrup tannin temperature tion transformed tube vegetables vessels volatile volume wine wood yellow zinc
Popular passages
Page xvii - French measure of length, equal to 39.37 inches ; the standard of linear measure, intended to be the ten millionth part of the distance from the equator to the north pole, as ascertained by actual measurement of an arc of the meridian.
Page 219 - Hydraulic Cement — Is prepared by stirring into water a mixture of four parts chalk and one part clay ; mix with a vertical wheel in a circular trough, letting it run out in a large receiver. A deposit soon takes place which is formed into small bricks, which after being dried in the sun are moderately calcined. It enlarges about two-thirds when mixed with water. Hydraulic Cement. — Powdered clay three pounds, oxide of iron one pound ; and boiled oil to form a stiff paste. Stone Cement. — River...
Page xviii - French gramme is referred, is the weight of -pj-jth part of a cubic metre* of distilled water, at the temperature of melting ice. A gramme is equal to 15-434 grains troy, whence the following comparative table of French with troy weight.
Page 32 - Hydrogen und oxygen unite to form water, in the proportion of 2 volumes of hydrogen to 1 volume of oxygen...
Page 50 - ... different from that of ordinary air. Instead of containing 1 volume of oxygen to 4 volumes of nitrogen, it will contain 1 volume of oxygen to 1.87 volumes of nitrogen. The relative quantity of the oxygen is much larger in air which has been dissolved in water than it is in ordinary air. This is due to the fact that oxygen is more soluble in water than nitrogen is. In order, however, that one gas may dissolve more than the other, it is necessary that they should not be in chemical combination.
Page iii - This work is intended for persons who, unaccustomed to scientific studies, wish to acquire a general knowledge of Chemistry and its principal applications. Among the numerous facts which compose this science, we have chosen those which recommend themselves by their importance in the arts; these we have attempted to make clear by freeing them (mm formulas and details purely scientific, which we have given in other works.
Page 266 - F. (7'2°C.), a pressure of 50 atmospheres : the liquid monoxide has a specific gravity of 0-9004 ; it is not miscible with water. Faraday solidified it by exposing it in a sealed tube to the cold produced by a mixture of solid carbonic acid and ether, but he supposed that it could not be solidified by the cold produced by its own evaporation. This, however, may be effected if the evaporation be accelerated by a strong current of air. A very fine steel tube...
Page 271 - The precipitate is dissolved in nitric acid, the solution is evaporated to dryness in a...
Page xviii - The unit of weight is the gramme. It is the weight of a quantity of pure water, equal to a cubic centimetre, and is equal to 15,444 grains Troy. Gr. Dec. A milligramme is 1000th part of a gramme 0,0154 A centigramme 100th of a gramme 0,1544 A decigramme 10th of a gramme 1,5444 A gramme, a cubic centimetre 15,4440 A decagramme 10 grammes 154,4402 A hecatogramine...
Page 134 - Bismuth, Lead, Uranium. 5. Metals, whose Oxides form weak Bases, or ACIDS : Vanadium, Tungsten, Molybdenum, Tantalum, Niobium, Titanium, Tin, Antimony, Arsenic, Tellurium. 6. Noble Metals. — Gold, Mercury, Silver, Platinum, Palladium, Iridium, Osmium, Ruthenium, Ehodium.