Freight Transportation and Packing

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Institute of business science, 1923 - Shipment of goods - 67 pages

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Page 7 - Each package, bundle or loose piece of freight must be plainly, legibly and durably marked by brush, stencil, marking crayon (not chalk), rubber type, metal type, pasted label (see Note 1), tag (see Note 2), or other method which provides marks equally plain, legible and durable, showing the name of only one consignee, and of only one station, town or city and state to which destined.
Page 2 - A properly designed packing box is one which has enough strength in each part for the purpose for which it is intended, and no more strength in any part than is necessary to balance the average strength in every other part. The data necessary for designing such a box cannot be obtained from observation of boxes in actual commercial service, because the observer sees the box only after it has completely failed. He does not see the beginning of the failures; and he does not see and consequently cannot...
Page 7 - Section 1. Freight, when delivered to carriers to be transported at less than carload or any quantity ratings, must be marked in accordance with the following requirements and specifications, except as provided in Section 2 (b) of this Rule or otherwise provided in specific items in this Classification or in the Interstate Commerce Commission's Regulations for the Transportation of Dangerous Articles other than Explosives by Freight.
Page 4 - In the drum are arranged a series of hazards, which cause the box to follow a regular cycle of drops, falling upon sides, top, bottom, ends, edges, corners, and flatwise upon a projection similar to the corner of another box. These drops simulate the usual hazards of transportation, excepting the heavy static pressure received by a box in the lower tiers of & pile, which is secured by means of the compression-on-edge test described above.
Page 3 - ... bears evidence in itself of the cause of the damage ; but there is no way of determining from a study of the failure the amount of force exerted by the damaging cause, and in cases where several causes have been active it is impossible to identify each of them. On the other hand, laboratory studies combine practical experience, which is a knowledge of the designs in use, of what lumber is available, and of box factory practice, with accurate scientific tests made on the package itself, packed...
Page 1 - Agriculture on packing problems has been carried out in the Forest Products Laboratory at Madison, Wis., in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin.
Page 3 - ... increasing pressure (measured in pounds) applied along any edge and with the opposite edge diagonally through the box in a direct line with the pressure exerted. The cornerwise test is applied in the same way to any corner of the package with the opposite corner in a direct line with the pressure. These tw.o tests measure the strength of the box in withstanding any external pressure and to a limited extent approximate the hazard of the lower tiers of boxes in a pile. By themselves these tests...
Page 3 - The most practical method yet devised for testing packing boxes is the revolving drum test. The drum is a hexagon-sided machine and revolves slowly. The box to be tested is packed with the actual contents, as in commercial service, and placed in this drum. In the drum are arranged a series of hazards, which cause the box to follow a regular cycle of drops, falling upon sides, top, bottom, ends, edges, corners, and flatwise upon a projection similar to the corner of another box. These drops simulate...
Page 7 - ... as well as by tests of the holding power of the various sizes and kinds of nails, screws, strapping, and the like, have made it possible to group the woods generally used in packing boxes into four groups, such that, in a general way, any wood in one group substituted for any other wood in the same group and built into a box of the same specifications, would give practically the same results in commercial service. These groups are...

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