Physiology of Stressed Crops, Vol. 4: Osmoregulation and ProtectionTo cope with the abiotic stress-induced osmotic problems, plants adapt by either increasing uptake of inorganic ions from the external solution, or by de novo synthesis of organic compatible solutes acting as osmolytes. Of the osmoregulants and protectants discussed in this volume, trehalose, fructans, ectoine and citrulline, which are generated in different species, in osmotically ineffective amounts, mitigate the stress effects on cells/plants and improve productivity. There are several pieces of encouraging research discussed in this volume showing significant improvement in stress tolerance and in turn productivity by involving genetic engineering techniques. |
Contents
Preface | 1 |
Inorganic Osmolytes | 13 |
Sugars The Key Osmolytes | 43 |
Copyright | |
18 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
abiotic stress activity antioxidant arginine arginine decarboxylase ascorbate ascorbate peroxidase BADH barley betaine biosynthesis carbohydrate cDNA chloroplasts choline citrulline compatible solutes concentration crop cultivars cyclitols cytosol decreased dehydration dehydrogenase drought stress drought tolerance dry weight ectoine effect encoding enhanced enzyme expression fructan GB accumulation gene genetic genotypes glutathione glycinebetaine growth higher hydroxyl radical increased induced inositol K+ channels leaf leaves levels lipid maize mannitol membrane metabolism molecular myo-inositol NaCl nodules ornithine osmolyte osmoprotectant osmoregulation osmotic adjustment osmotic stress oxidase oxidative stress oxygen P5CS pathway percent peroxidase photosynthesis Plant Cell Plant Physiol polyamine potassium proline proline accumulation protection protein putrescine raffinose reductase regulation response role roots salinity salt stress salt tolerance seedlings seeds shoots soluble sorbitol soybean species spermine stachyose stress tolerance sucrose sugar superoxide synthase synthesis temperature tissues transcripts transgenic plants transgenic rice transgenic tobacco transport trehalose trehalose-6-phosphate uptake water stress wheat wild-type