The Biology and Taxonomy of Wisconsin Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) |
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adults America Anal appear areas associated attached attracted aureum birds black flies blood cage Canada Canadian Cnephia cocoon collected complex consisted containing County Creek Date Davies degrees F depths Distribution domestic ducks early eggs Eusimulium exposed feeding feet females Figure five flowing foot forest four ground habitat head host immature stages inches infected jenningsi johannseni June known larger larvae lateral less lobe Males March margin mature Meadow meridionale method mutata nematodes Nicholson northern observed obtained occasionally occurred original overwintering parasites particles Pekin ducks percent plate populations preferences present Prosimulium pupae pupal range reported Respiratory filaments rivers rocks rugglesi samples segment simuliid Simulium species square Stone streams studies surface Table teeth Throat cleft trap turkeys Twinn usually various vector vegetation ventral venustum vittatum water temperature weeks Wisconsin young young river