Spectroscopic Characterization of Minerals and Their SurfacesThis volume provides an overview of the types of spectroscopic methods in current use for characterization of crystal structure, chemistry, morphology, and excited states of minerals. Its 23 chapters cover topics such as the numerous means of mineral spectroscopy applied to the determinization of composition, purity, interaction with energy, characterization of active centers, and adsorbate interactions. It also addresses the structural and physical properties of minerals associated with chemical promotion of chemical reactions, the storage of electronic energy in most naturally occurring minerals, and spectroscopic means by which biologically deposited minerals can be distinguished from geologically deposited ones. |
Contents
ThinFilm Elemental Analyses for Precise Characterization | 32 |
HighResolution Transmission Electron Microscopy | 75 |
Photoluminescence Candoluminescence and Radical | 118 |
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absorbance absorption acidity Acta atomic band beam bond Candoluminescence carbonate catalytic cathodoluminescence cations centers charge Chem chemical Chemistry chondrules Clay Minerals Society Clays Clay Miner composition concentration coordination correlation crystal structure defects detector diffraction electron emission energy enstatite exchange excitation exciton Fe2+ Fe3+ feldspar fluorescence forsterite fracture Fripiat Hâ‚‚ hydration hydrazine hydrogen hydroxyl images increase intensity interaction intercalated interlamellar interlayer ions iron irradiation kaolinite KH complex lattice layer luminescence materials measured meteorites microscope molecular molecules montmorillonite Mossbauer nontronite observed obtained occur octahedral optical orbitals ordinary chondrites organic oxidation oxygen parameters peak peroxy phases photoluminescence Phys probe processes proflavine proton radiation Raman reaction reactivity recombination region sample shown in Figure silicates smectite solid spectra spectroscopy spectrum Stucki studies surface area tactoids techniques temperature tetrahedral thermal TL sensitivity transfer transition triboluminescence wavelength X-ray yoderite