Designing Instructional Systems: Decision Making in Course Planning and Curriculum DesignAbstract: A reference text for teachers and instructors surveys current theory and practice in the design of instructional systems and suggests the application of a systems approach to instructional design, identifying and discussing major areas of decision-making facing the instructional designer in designing a course. Details are provided for establishing the needs and developing the objectives of a curriculum, for developing detailed plans for the course structure, and for applying instructional and evaluation methods to be used in the course. Information is presented on useful techniques for analyzing problems, selecting from various strategic alternatives, and on the use of decision charts. A variety of instructional and learning models are presented throughout the text. (wz). |
Contents
Define the Problem | 1 |
Approaches to Problems in Education and Training | 31 |
The How and Why of Performance Objectives | 43 |
The System in Its Environment | 65 |
Analyse the Problem | 79 |
Is Instruction the Solution? | 95 |
Techniques and Procedures for Analysis at Levels 1 and 2 | 120 |
The Analysis of the Worth and Practicality of a Solution | 151 |
The Four Levels of Instructional Design | 269 |
The Question of Sequence | 281 |
Strategies Plans and Methods | 292 |
Grouping | 324 |
Media Selection | 339 |
Control | 360 |
Why Projects Fail | 380 |
References | 399 |
Plugging the Gaps in Present Approaches to Instructional Design | 216 |
A Modified Approach | 241 |
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Common terms and phrases
achieve activity aims algorithm alternative apply aspects basic behaviour Bloom's taxonomy Chapter classify cognitive complex concepts consider curriculum decisions defined detailed discovery discovery learning domain Educational Technology effective evaluation example exercises existing factors feedback Figure Gagné Gilbert heuristic identify individual industrial input/output inputs instructional design instructional objectives instructional system interactive skills involved job analysis knowledge Landa learner lesson level of analysis management by objectives mastery learning materials mathetics MOBRAL necessary Ohm's law operations organization outputs overall planning practice prerequisites presented principles problem-solving procedures production programmed psychomotor questions relevant rules schema schemata selection sequence simulation situation solution solving specific stage steps stimulus strategies structure sub-system systems approach systems thinking target population task task analysis taxonomy teacher techniques terminal objectives topic types of learning wider system worth teaching