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ReviewsUser Review - arip [Flag as inappropriate] By: Arif Nurahman Harvard-MIT Open Course WareScientific method refers to techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge. To be termed scientific, a method of inquiry must be based on gathering observable, empirical and measurable evidence subject to specific principles of reasoning. A scientific method consists of the collection of data through observation and experimentation, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses. Although procedures vary from one field of inquiry to another, identifiable features distinguish scientific inquiry from other methodologies of knowledge. Scientific researchers propose hypotheses as explanations of phenomena, and design experimental studies to test these hypotheses. These steps must be repeatable in order to dependably predict any future results. Theories that encompass wider domains of inquiry may bind many hypotheses together in a coherent structure. This in turn may help form new hypotheses or place groups of hypotheses into context. Among other facets shared by the various fields of inquiry is the conviction that the process be objective to reduce a biased interpretation of the results. Another basic expectation is to document, archive and share all data and methodology so they are available for careful scrutiny by other scientists, thereby allowing other researchers the opportunity to verify results by attempting to reproduce them. This practice, called full disclosure, also allows statistical measures of the reliability of these data to be established. Related books
Common terms and phrasesactually astrology atoms Bauer become behavior belief century Chemical & Engineering chemistry chemists claim classical cold fusion conflict of interest consensus conventional wisdom course decades degree discovery ence entists epitome of science evidence example exists experience extraterrestrial fact filter fraud frontier science fusion geology human hypotheses individual instance institutions intellectual internalist jigsaw puzzle John Ziman known unknown less matter means Michel Gauquelin misconception myth natural sciences Nobelist notion novelty objective paleoanthropology paradigm phenomena philosophers philosophy of science physicists physics pieces polywater practice predictions prizes progress pseudoscience published reality therapy reason recognize reliable knowledge Revolution science and technology scientific activity scientific community scientific knowledge scientific literacy scientific method scientifically literate social sciences society sociology sort successful tests textbook science theory things UFOs understanding University Press Velikovsky whereas Wilhelm Reich wrong York References from web pagesbauer_summary Henry H. Bauer / Scientific Literacy and the Myth of the ... SCI 105 Scientific Inquiry - Fall 2003 Professor balduz Why SETI is science and ufology is not. - Skeptical Inquirer ... CLOSEMINDED SCIENCE: Booklist Science and clinical nursing There are many misunderstandings ... BOOKS syllabi/science [syl] IUB Campus Writing Program Library: Articles on Literacy The Why-Files References to this bookFrom other books
From Google ScholarScientific Literacy: New Minds for a Changing WorldPAUL DeHART HURD The Development of Scientific Reasoning SkillsCorinne Zimmerman - 2000 - Developmental Review Scientific literacy for decisionmaking and the social construction ...Wade H Bingle, P James Gaskell - 1994 - Science Education Popular passagesScientific" teaching, even of scientific subjects, will be inadequate as long as both teachers and pupils are human beings. Teaching is not like inducing a chemical reaction: it is much more like painting a picture or making a piece of music, or on a lower level like planting a garden or writing a friendly letter. You must throw your heart into it, you must realize that it cannot all be done by formulas, or you will spoil your work, and your pupils, and yourself. Page 33 Myth fulfils in primitive, culture an indispensable function: it expresses, enhances, and codifies belief; it safeguards and enforces morality; it vouches for the efficiency of ritual and contains practical rules for the guidance of man. Myth is thus a vital ingredient of human civilization; it is not an idle tale, but a hard-worked active force; it is not an intellectual explanation or an artistic imagery, but a pragmatic charter of primitive faith and moral wisdom. Page 150 It is a good rule not to put overmuch confidence in a theory until it has been confirmed by observation. I hope I shall not shock the experimental physicists too much if I add that it is also a good rule not to put overmuch confidence in the observational results that are put forward until they have been confirmed by theory. Page 23 The results serve to disprove the tetranucleotide hypothesis. It is, however, noteworthy — whether this is more than accidental, cannot yet be said — that in all desoxypentose nucleic acids examined thus far the molar ratios of total purines to total pyrimidines, and also of adenine to thymine and of guanine to cytosine, were not far from 1. Page 21 scientific" friendship would be as cold as a chess problem. "Scientific" teaching, even of scientific subjects, will be inadequate as long as both teachers and pupils are human beings. Teaching is not like inducing a chemical reaction: it is much more like painting a picture or making a piece of music, or on... Page 32 Such self-coordination of independent initiatives leads to a joint result which is unpremeditated by any of those who bring it about. Their coordination is guided as by an "invisible hand" toward the joint discovery of a hidden system of things. Page 43 Buffalo, chairman of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP). Page 153 ED Hirsch, Jr., Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know (New York... Page 155 John G. Kemeny, J. Laurie Snell, and Gerald L. Thompson, Introduction to Finite Mathematics (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1957), pp. Page 173 ... itself. The effectiveness of a group of helpers will then exceed that of any isolated member, to the extent to which some member of the group will always discover a new chance for adding a piece to the puzzle more quickly than any one isolated person could have done by himself. Any attempt to organize the group of helpers under a single authority would eliminate their independent initiatives and thus reduce their joint effectiveness to that of the single person directing them from the centre.... Page 43 Other editions
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