Habitat Use and Reproductive Ecology of the Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Papilio Glaucus L. |
Contents
GENERAL MATERIALS AND METHODS | 12 |
PROTANDRY | 40 |
OBSERVATIONS OF MATING BEHAVIOR | 65 |
2 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
anise swallowtail Ash Row bouts butterflies butterfly species captured at nectar Captured Individuals Cherry Grove Chi-Square Chi-Square Value Cooperstown copulations courtships Cumulative percentages dame's rocket Day of Brood daylilies defend Directionality of observed EASTERN TIGER SWALLOWTAIL ecological eggs factors feeding females captured field-caught females flight season garden glaucus canadensis habitat larval host Lederhouse 1978 Lederhouse 1982b locate males and females marked mating system midday mock-orange monogamy morph nectar sources needed by females non-virgin Number of observations Observation Site Type observed individuals relative observed mating behavior oviposition sites Papilio glaucus patrolling pattern Percentages of males pheromone polygyny polyxenes population protandry pupae recapture rates receptive females relative to micro-habitat reproductive success resources needed Rutowski Scott scramble competition polygyny second matings sex ratios significantly sources per six sources per three sperm Spermatophore counts study area Table temporal distributions territorial tethered females Thornhill and Alcock Total virgin females Wiklund and Fagerstrom