Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament: Volume IVG. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren, Heinz-Josef Fabry This multivolume work is still proving to be as fundamental to Old Testament studies as its companion set, the Kittel-Friedrich Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, has been to New Testament studies. Beginning with father, and continuing through the alphabet, the TDOT volumes present in-depth discussions of the key Hebrew and Aramaic words in the Old Testament. Leading scholars of various religious traditions (including Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Reformed, Anglican, Greek Orthodox, and Jewish) and from many parts of the world (Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Israel, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States) have been carefully selected for each article by editors Botterweck, Ringgren, and Fabry and their consultants, George W. Anderson, Henri Cazelles, David Noel Freedman, Shemaryahu Talmon, and Gerhard Wallis. The intention of the writers is to concentrate on meaning, starting from the more general, everyday senses and building to an understanding of theologically significant concepts. To avoid artificially restricting the focus of the articles, TDOT considers under each keyword the larger groups of words that are related linguistically or semantically. The lexical work includes detailed surveys of a word s occurrences, not only in biblical material but also in other ancient Near Eastern writings. Sumerian, Akkadian, Egyptian, Ethiopic, Ugaritic, and Northwest Semitic sources are surveyed, among others, as well as the Qumran texts and the Septuagint; and in cultures where no cognate word exists, the authors often consider cognate ideas. TDOT s emphasis, though, is on Hebrew terminology and on biblical usage. The contributors employ philology as well as form-critical and traditio-historical methods, with the aim of understanding the religious statements in the Old Testament. Extensive bibliographical information adds to the value of this reference work. This English edition attempts to serve the needs of Old Testament students without the linguistic background of more advanced scholars; it does so, however, without sacrificing the needs of the latter. Ancient scripts (Hebrew, Greek, etc.) are regularly transliterated in a readable way, and meanings of foreign words are given in many cases where the meanings might be obvious to advanced scholars. Where the Hebrew text versification differs from that of English Bibles, the English verse appears in parentheses. Such features will help all earnest students of the Bible to avail themselves of the manifold theological insights contained in this monumental work. |
Contents
zebh zeb wolf Botterweck | 1 |
na zābhach zābaḥ sacrifice Lang Bergman Ringgren | 8 |
zûdh zûd 71 71 1171 be arrogant Scharbert | 46 |
11zurzār foreigner stranger Snijders | 52 |
zākhāh zākâ 75 be pure Negoită Ringgren | 62 |
plan Steingrimssonמְזִמָּה זְמָּה זְמָם zmm זמם | 87 |
fornicate Erlandsson תַּזְנוּת זְנוּת zänāh zänd זָנָה | 99 |
zānach zānaḥ reject Ringgren | 105 |
nṣin chōmāh ḥômâ wall In der Smitten | 267 |
_chªzîr ḥªzîr swine Botterweck | 291 |
Pin chāzaq ḥāzaq Pin pin pin pin in in become strong Hesse | 301 |
sin Koch חַטָא חַטָאת חַטָאָה חֲטָאָה חֶטְאָה חֵטְא chätäh hätä חָטָא | 309 |
777 chidhāh hida riddle Hamp | 320 |
labor tremble Bauman חֶלְחָלָה יְחִילָה חִיל Ayl חףל | 344 |
Pn cheq ḥeq bosom André | 356 |
ṣṇ chākham ḥākam DṢņ nņɔņ nivṚņ wisdom Müller | 364 |
zāaph zāap 1 71 rage Ringgren | 111 |
zāgēn 1pt mari ar old elder Conrad Botterweck | 122 |
yin zªrôa arm Helfmeyer | 131 |
pledge Hoffner חֲבֹלָה חֲבֹל chabhal II habal II חָבַל | 179 |
ḥābal III destroy Gamberoni | 185 |
gird B Johnson חֲגוֹרָה חֲגִיר chäghar hägar חָגַר | 213 |
chedher heder chamber Mosis | 222 |
dance Eising מְחוֹלָה מָחוֹל chal hal חול | 260 |
milk Caquot חֶמְאָה גְבִינָה chalabh halab חָלָב | 386 |
b??? chlātsayim hlasayim Dạn 17 hạ loins Hamp | 441 |
divide apportion Tsevat מַחֲלֹקֶת חֲלָקָה וְחֶלְקָה חֵלֶק chalaq II halaq II חָלַק | 447 |
chēmāh ḥēmâ wrath Schunck | 462 |
pity Tsevat חֶמְלָה chamal hâmal חָמַל | 470 |
ņņ chāmās ḥāmās do violence Haag | 478 |
leaven vinegar Kellermann חָמִיץחָמוּץ חֹמֶץ חָמֵץ hms חמץ | 487 |
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Common terms and phrases
According Akkadian Ancient Near East animals appears Arab Aramaic associated attested Babylonian basic meaning Bible Biblical BZAW Canaanite chagh chāmās chayil chāzāh chāzôn chebhel chûs context covenant cult cultic derived descendants Deuteronomy divine dream Eccl Egypt Egyptian Etymology expression Ezekiel festival Festschrift Fohrer girded God's gods gold Hebräische Hebrew hiphil Hittite Ibid idem interpretation Isaiah Israel Israelites Jerusalem Josh KBL³ king land mentioned Mesopotamia metaphorical nations nephesh niphal noun occurrences OTL trans parallel passages piel priests probably profanation promise prophets Prov Psalms Qumran refers religious ritual root sacrifice SAHG semantic semantic field Semitic Semitic languages sense speaks suggests synonymous Syriac TDNT temple term texts theological theophany translated Ugaritic usage verb wisdom word worship Yahweh yhvh zākhar zebhach Zeph Zimmerli