Synergetics: Strength and Fracture of Metallic MaterialsIn approaches of a new science - synergetics - the deformed solid is examined as a synergetic system exchanging energy and matter with the environment. Taking these approaches and fractal theory into account, the author generalizes the literature data on the mechanical behaviour of materials. Fracture is interpreted as a nonequilibrium phase transition preceded by spontaneous rearrangement of the dislocation substructure. Parameters characterising the dissipative properties of materials are proposed and the existence of an universal relationship between the fundamental mechanical properties on micro- and macro levels is shown. Extensive experimental data confirming this relationship on the basis of steels with different strength levels are presented. |
Common terms and phrases
amorphous analysis associated atoms basis behaviour bifurcation points boundaries cellular structure characteristic coefficient constant controlling corresponding crack growth criteria criterion crystal lattice deformed solid dependence determined developed diagram disclination dislocation density dislocation structure dissipative properties dissipative structures dissipative system ductility dW/dV dynamic effect elastic ensures entropy equation equilibrium evolution examined experimental formation fractal dimension fracture mechanics fracture of metals free fracture function increase initial instability intermetallic internal energy kinetic large number linked local volumes materials mechanical properties melting method microcrack microscopic Moscow nature Nauka nonlinear parameters particles percolation theory phase transitions plastic deformation possible propagation relationship result scale invariance screw dislocations self-organization self-organization of dissipative self-similar shear shows slip specimen stability stage steel strain energy density strength stress struc surface synergetic systems takes place taking into account temperature tensile theory thermal thermodynamic threshold tion ture values variation volume welding