Virtues of the FamilySince the sexual revolution, the traditional family’s moral authority has been the subject of an increasingly politicized debate. The family’s detractors have viewed it as an arbitrary social arrangement which perpetuates injustice and legitimates violations of individual rights. Those who defend it, on the other hand, insist that it is the only possible source of human values and suggest that those outside it are somehow deficient or deviant. In this strident and polarized atmosphere, philosopher Jacob Joshua Ross offers a long-overdue assessment of the family’s relation to morality, arguing that the family is not a rigid, static institution with inflexible codes of behavior, but rather a dynamic social structure from which human morality—and human nature—emerge. Ross first explores the foundations of ethical belief, maintaining that the traditional family is intimately linked to the evolution of human morality in societies throughout the world. While he accepts the relativity of moral codes, Ross defends “true” or rational morality as the minimal and universal code on which all families depend—a code which has evolved as a result of the needs and constraints of our shared humanity, and on which all societies may one day hope to agree. Ross applies this view to many of the sensitive issues confronting today’s families, such as divorce and single parenthood, adoption, surrogacy, and gay marriage. |
Contents
| 1 | |
| 10 | |
Positive Morality and Objectivism | 29 |
Practices Rules and Institutions | 57 |
Conventions and Special Obligations | 81 |
Biology and Parenthood | 111 |
Parents and Children | 137 |
Sex and the Family | 161 |
Husband and Wife | 189 |
Justice and the Family | 211 |
Individualism Versus the Family | 231 |
Gender and Humanity | 253 |
Notes | 267 |
| 283 | |
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accepted agreement Alan Gewirth Alasdair MacIntyre allocation argued argument Aristotelian Aristotle basic basis behavior belong biological Blustein caretakers Chapter child claim conception consider contemporary conventional criticism descriptive relativism different societies egalitarian equality Ethics existence expected explain fact father Filmer formulated function Gewirth Harman human flourishing husband and wife idea ideal incest individual individualistic institutionalization institutions involved John Rawls justice liberal lives MacIntyre MacIntyre's marriage Melden meta-ethical moral code moral practices Moral Relativism moral rules moral skeptic mother needs nonetheless norms notion nurturing objectivism objectivist open marriage parental authority parental duties particular person philosophers Plato Popper positive morality possible principle procreators promises radical rational morality Rawls Rawls's reason recognized regarded reject relations relationship relativism reproduction rights and obligations roles seems sense sexual simply social sort suggested suppose teleology theory theory of justice tion traditional family University Utilitarianism virtues women wrong