The EsophagusLeo Van der Reis |
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abnormal achalasia acid perfusion adrenergic agents antacids basal LES pressure biopsy bolus CASTELL cells cholinergic CHRISTENSEN circular muscle clin clinical COHEN contraction decrease LES pressure demonstrated Diffuse esophageal spasm diffuse spasm dilatation disease distal esophagus distension dopamine dysphagia effect endogenous endoscopic epithelium esophageal body esophageal motility esophageal mucosa esophageal peristalsis esophageal sphincter pressure esophagogastric junction factors fibers fiberscope gastrin gastro Gastroenterology Gastroenterology 70 gastroesophageal reflux gastrointestinal glucagon GOYAL gradient heartburn hiatal hernia hiatus histamine hormones increase inhibitory innervation intraabdominal pressure Invest layer lesions lower esophageal sphincter lumen manometric motilin motor disorders muscular myogenic nerves neural neurogenic normal observed occur opossum pain patients pentagastrin peristalsis peristaltic phageal pharynx Physiol physiologic prostaglandin receptor reflux esophagitis regurgitation relaxation response resting LES pressure scleroderma secretin serum gastrin smooth muscle stimulation stomach striated muscle stricture studies Surg surgery swallowing symptoms technique thoracic tion ulcer upper esophageal sphincter vagal VANTRAPPEN