Statistics: A Gentle Introduction: A Gentle IntroductionWith Statistics: A Gentle Introduction, Third Edition, an introductory stats class needn't be difficult or dull! Frederick L. Coolidge specifically designed his text to curtail students' anxieties and minimize unnecessary formulas, while providing a comprehensive review of basic statistical designs and analyses. A wealth of additional real-world examples have been included to give a sense of how the science of statistics works, solves problems, and helps us make informed choices about the world we live in. The author minimizes the use of formulas, but provides a step-by-step approach to their solution, and includes a glossary of key terms, symbols, and definitions at the end of each chapter. Every chapter also includes a short story about historical and contemporary statisticians who figured prominently in the evolution of the discipline of statistics. New to the Third Edition is the thorough incorporation of SPSS throughout, more visual material and figures, and an enhanced treatment of effect sizes, and more detailed explanation of statistical concepts. |
Contents
1 A Gentle Introduction
| 1 |
Understanding Distributions of Numbers
| 39 |
Measures of Central Tendency and Variation
| 80 |
4 Standard Scores the z Distribution and Hypothesis Testing
| 103 |
The Controlled Experiment Hypothesis Testing and the z Distribution
| 137 |
6 An Introduction to Correlation and Regression
| 175 |
7 The t Test for Independent Groups
| 224 |
8 The t Test for Dependent Groups
| 249 |
Additional Designs
| 362 |
The ChiSquare Test
| 392 |
16 Other Statistical Parameters and Tests
| 415 |
z Distribution
| 432 |
t Distribution
| 437 |
Spearmans Correlation | 439 |
ChiSquare χ2 Distribution | 440 |
F Distribution | 442 |
OneFactor Completely Randomized Design
| 271 |
Multiple Comparison Tests
| 292 |
OneFactor RepeatedMeasures Design
| 308 |
TwoFactor Completely Randomized Design
| 323 |
13 Post Hoc Analysis of Factorial ANOVA | 337 |
Tukeys Table | 447 |
| 449 | |
| 451 | |
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Common terms and phrases
able alternative analysis ANOVA appears assumption Calculate called cell chance Chapter chi-square coefficient compared comparison completely compute continuous correlation critical value dependent derived determine dialog disease distribution divided drug enter equal error example experiment experimental F value factor females field Figure findings formula frequency gender graph greater important independent variable indicates interaction interest interpretation interval known less levels main effect males mean measure multiple negative normal Note null hypothesis observed obtained occurs outcome pairs participants patients performed person population positive predicted present probability problem proportion question randomized rejected relationship Remember reported represents sample scale Schizoid scores significant significantly single social facilitation SPSS squares standard deviation statistical statisticians Step term tion treatment trials true Type vari variance