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Principles of Logic

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Longmans, Green and Company, 1916 - Logic - 431 pages
  

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Contents

The Name and the Term
19
Divisions of Terms
20
Singular General and Collective Terms
21
Abstract and Concrete Terms
23
connotative and nonconnotative terms
25
Positive and Negative Terms
31
Absolute and Relative Terms
32
Terms of First and Second Intention
34
Univocal Equivocal and Analogous Terms
35
Opposition of Terms
36
The Suppositio of the Term
37
CHAPTER III
39
Analysis of the Judgment
41
Quality of Propositions
46
The Fourfold Scheme of Propositions
50
Analytic and Synthetic Propositions
51
T Complex Propositions
55
Compound Categorical Propositions
56
Modal Propositions
58
Reduction of Propositions to Logical Form
61
Hypothetical Propositions
63
Disjunctive Propositions
65
CHAPTER IV
67
The Law of Contradiction
69
The Law of Identity
71
The Law of Excluded Middle
73
Other Views as to the Source of the Laws of Thought
75
CHAPTER V
77
Distribution of Terms in a Proposition
81
Other Methods of Diagrammatic Representa tion
82
The Opposition of Propositions
84
Opposition as a Means of Inference
88
Contradictory Opposition outside the Four fold Scheme
89
Contrary Opposition outside the Fourfold Scheme
90
CHAPTER VI
92
Conversion
93
Aristotles Proof of Conversion
97
Equipollence or Obversion
98
Contraposition
99
Inversion
101
Table of Results
102
CHAPTER VII
105
The Classinclusion View
106
The Attributive View
109
Implication of Existence no 5 The Compartmental View
116
Mr Bradley on the Proposition
117
Import of the Hypothetical Proposition
119
CHAPTER VIII
121
The Tree of Porphyry
129
Aristotles Predicables
131
The Controversy on Universals 132
132
The Universal in Modern Logic
135
CHAPTER IX
137
The Categories in their Logical Aspect
142
The Categories and the Sciences
144
The Categories as a Classification of Predi
145
cates
146
Mills Scheme of Categories
147
The Categories of Kant
148
Relation of Premisses to Conclusion in regard to Truth
172
Figures and Moods of the Syllogism
177
Special Rules of the Four Figures
179
The Mnemonic Lines
181
Reduction
182
Superiority of Fig i
186
CHAPTER XII
187
The Fourth Figure
191
Expression in Syllogistic Form
193
Progressive and Regressive Syllogisms
194
Validity of the Syllogism
195
Mathematical Reasoning
199
Inferences other than Syllogistic
200
Mr Bradleys Theory of Inference
201
CHAPTER XIII
203
Reduction of Hypothetical Syllogisms
206
The Disjunctive Syllogism
207
i
214
The Aim of Inductive Enquiry
222
The Inductive Syllogism
228
CHAPTER XV
235
J S Mill on the Uniformity of Nature
241
Unity of Nature
248
Chains of Reasoning
255
CHAPTER XVII
264
Composition and Division
270
Figure of Speech
272
Accident
274
Confusion of Absolute and Qualified State ment
275
Ignoratio Elenchi
276
Petitio Principii
278
Fallacy of the Consequent
279
False Cause
280
Many Questions
281
Mills Classdtication of Fallacies
282
PART II
289
The Subdivisions of Philosophy
293
Logic and Metaphysics
298
The Breach with the Past
300
Bacon
304
Mill
306
CHAPTER XIX
310
In what Observation Consists
311
Conditions of Observation
313
Experiment
315
Natural Experiments
317
The Four Experimental Methods
320
The Function of the Methods in Proving a
330
CHAPTER XXI
337
Hypothetical Deduction and Induction
343
Newtons Rules of Philosophizing
349
Origin of Hypothesis
357
CHAPTER XXIII
363
CHAPTER XXIV
380
Artificial Classification
382
Natural Classification
389
CHAPTER XXV
395
Descartes Rules of Method
402
periment 317
426

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Popular passages

Page 273 - The only proof capable of being given that an object is visible, is that people actually see it. The only proof that a sound is audible, is that people hear it: and so of the other sources of our experience. In like manner, I apprehend, the sole evidence it is possible to produce that anything is desirable, is that people do actually desire it.
Page 418 - Matters of fact, which are the second objects of human reason, are not ascertained in the same manner; nor is our evidence of their truth, however great, of a like nature with the foregoing. The contrary of every matter of fact is still possible; because it can never imply a contradiction, and is conceived by the mind with the same facility and distinctness, as if ever so conformable to reality.
Page 404 - God himself who has created it, and without enducing them from any other source than from certain germs of truths naturally existing in our minds. In the second place, I examined what were the first and most ordinary effects that could be deduced from these causes; and it...
Page 241 - The Law of Causation, the recognition of which is the main pillar of inductive science, is but the familiar truth that invariability of succession is found by observation to obtain between every fact in nature and some other fact which has preceded It...
Page 321 - If two or more instances of the phenomenon under investigation have only one circumstance in common, the circumstance in which alone all the instances agree is the cause (or effect) of the given phenomenon.
Page 153 - The former of these propositions is not a definition at all: the latter is a mere nominal definition, or explanation of the use and application of a term. The first is susceptible of truth or falsehood, and may therefore be made the foundation of a train of reasoning.
Page 241 - If this be actually done, the principle which we are now considering, that of the uniformity of the course of nature, will appear as the ultimate major premise of all inductions...
Page 347 - ... the squares of the periodic times are as the cubes of the distances from the common centre, the centripetal forces will be inversely as the squares of the distances.
Page 322 - If two or more instances in which the phenomenon occurs have only one circumstance in common, while two or more instances in which it does not occur have nothing in common save the absence of that circumstance, the circumstance in which alone the two sets of instances differ is the effect, or the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon.
Page 272 - Kingston, had I but served my God as diligently as I have served my king, He would not have given me over in my grey hairs.

References to this book

From Google Scholar

The existential assumptions of traditional logic
Dwayne Hudson Mulder - 1996 - History and Philosophy of Logic
The Place Of Logic In Pragmatism
Ahti-Veikko Pietarinen
The Experience of Pluralism
SCOTT L PRATT - 2007 - Journal of Speculative Philosophy

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