Vocative Constructions in the Language of ShakespeareThis study investigates the functions, meanings, and varieties of forms of address in Shakespeare s dramatic work. New categories of Shakespearean vocatives are developed and the grammar of vocatives is investigated in, above, and below the clause, following morpho-syntactic, semantic, lexicographical, pragmatic, social and contextual criteria. Going beyond the conventional paradigm of power and solidarity and with recourse to Shakespearean drama as both text and performance, the study sees vocatives as foregrounded experiential, interpersonal and textual markers. Shakespeare s vocatives construe, both quantitatively and qualitatively, habitus and identity. They illustrate relationships or messages. They reflect Early Modern, Shakespearean, and intra- or inter-textual contexts. Theoretically and methodologically, the study is interdisciplinary. It draws on approaches from (historical) pragmatics, stylistics, Hallidayean grammar, corpus linguistics, cognitive linguistics, socio-historical linguistics, sociology, and theatre semiotics. This study contributes, thus, not only to Shakespeare studies, but also to literary linguistics and literary criticism. |
Contents
| 1 | |
2 Theoretical framework | 67 |
3 What is the focative case William? | 95 |
4 Whats in a vocative? | 129 |
speak that I may see thee | 291 |
6 Vocatives in Shakespeare and the theatre | 413 |
7 Conclusion | 445 |
Appendix | 459 |
References | 495 |
| 523 | |
| 526 | |
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Common terms and phrases
addition address pattern alludes analysis Antony Antony’s argue behaviour Caliban Chapter character clause Cleopatra collocation concept construal construes context conven tional conventional terms Cordelia corpus correlation Cotgrave crucial dear defined definition deictic Desdemona discourse Early Modern EModE emotion EPITHET example experiential Falstaff figures final find first foregrounded forms of address freq function Furthermore Hal’s Halliday Halliday’s Hamlet Hence high number Iago Iago’s identity illocutionary force illustrates interaction interpersonal lady language Lear’s lexical linguistic lord meanings metafunction modified natural phenomena noble nomena number of vocatives Ophelia Othello Palsgrave personal name potential prince pronoun queen realised refer reflect relative frequency rhetorical Richard role scene semantic semiotic Shakespeare’s plays Shakespearean vocatives speaker specialised fields specific speech structure superficially sweet symbolic capital term offamily relationship testifies textual THET thou tion Titus Titus Andronicus tive utterance voca vocative usage vocatives in Shakespeare