Elements of Natural Philosophy, Volume 1, Part 1 |
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Common terms and phrases
acceleration action amount angular velocity anticlastic attraction axes axis called centimetre centre of gravity centre of inertia circle circular co-ordinates component configuration consider constant cord corresponding cosine couple curvature curve cylinder denote density described diagram displacement distance ellipse ellipsoid elongation equal equations equilibrium external point finite flexure fluid forces acting formulae friction geometrical given force Hence hodograph horizontal inclined infinitely small instant inversely kinetic energy length magnitude mass matter measured moment of inertia moving normal section P₁ P₂ parallel particle path pendulum perpendicular plane perpendicular portion position pressure principal axes principle produce projection proportional quantity radius radius of gyration reckoned rectangular right angles rigid body rotation round shear shell sides simple harmonic motion solid angle space spherical surface spiral square straight line strain stress suppose tangent theorem tion torsion uniform unit vertical whole wire
Popular passages
Page 167 - Newton generalized the law of attraction into a statement that every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force which varies directly as the product of their masses and inversely as the square of the distance between them; and he thence deduced the law of attraction for spherical shells of constant density.
Page 29 - Fourier's theorem is not only one of the most beautiful results of modern analysis, but may be said to furnish an indispensable instrument in the treatment of nearly every recondite question in modern physics.
Page 71 - Change of motion is proportional to the impressed force, and takes place in the direction in which the force acts.
Page 69 - Every body continues in its state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line, except in so far as it is compelled by force to change that state.
Page 63 - Component of a force in or'aforce! any direction, (sometimes called the Effective Component in that direction.) is therefore found by multiplying the magnitude of the force by the cosine of the angle between the directions of the force and the component. The remaining component in this case is perpendicular to the other. It is very generally convenient to resolve forces into components parallel to three lines at right angles to each other; each such resolution being effected by multiplying by the...
Page 113 - ... the residual phenomenon as to be able to detect its cause. It is here, perhaps, that in the present state of science we may most reasonably look for extensions of our knowledge ; at all events we are warranted by the recent history of Natural Philosophy in so doing. Thus...
Page 136 - Until we know thoroughly the nature of matter, and the forces which produce its motions, it will be utterly impossible to submit to mathematical reasoning the exact conditions of any physical question, " and even then it will only be mathematical relations which will be formulated.
Page 243 - The substance of a homogeneous solid is called isotropic when a spherical portion of it, tested by any physical agency, exhibits no difference in quality however it is turned. Or, which amounts to the same, a cubical portion cut from any position in an isotropic body exhibits the same qualities relatively to each pair of parallel faces. Or two equal and similar portions cut from arey positions in the body, not subject to the condition of parallelism (§ 646), are undistinguishable from one another.
Page 168 - Hence the forces exercised by the matter of these elements on the particle P are equal ; for they are as the quantities of matter directly, and the squares of the distances, inversely ; and these two ratios compounded give that of equality. The attractions therefore, being equal and opposite...
Page 13 - Hence the moment of the resultant is equal to the sum of the moments of the two components.