Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology 156Susan G. Amara, Ernst Bamberg, Sergio Grinstein, Steven C. Hebert, Reinhard Jahn, W.J. Lederer, Roland Lill, Atsushi Miyajima, H. Murer, Stefan Offermanns, G. Schultz, M. Schweiger Gastric acid plays a primary role in digestion as well as in the sterilization of food and water. Gastric juice contains the most concentrated physiological acid solution (pH~1) as a result + – of H and Cl ion secretion [hydrochloric acid (HCl) production] by parietal cells in the oxyntic mucosa of the stomach. The combined output of the parietal cells leads to the sec- tion of 1–2 l of HCl at a concentration of 150–160 mmol/l into the interior of the stomach. In order to facilitate the production of acid, the parietal cell relies on the generation of a high + concentration of H ions that are transported into the lumen of the gland. This process is fa- + + cilitated by activation of the gastric H ,K -ATPase, which translocates to the apical pole of + – the parietal cell. K as well as ATP hydrolysis and Cl all play critical roles in the activation + + of gastric H ,K -ATPase and are essential for the functioning of the enzyme (Reenstra and Forte 1990). This review will examine the classical proteins that have been linked to acid secretion as well as some recently identi?ed proteins that may modulate gastric acid secretion, in - dition we discuss the known secretagogues, and their receptors including a new receptor, which upon stimulation can lead to acid secretion. |
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Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology A. Miyajima,N. Pfanner,G. Schultz No preview available - 2014 |
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amino acid ATPase ATPase activity auxilin Biochem Biol Chem C-terminal Ca2+ Ca2+-dependent capsaicin cation channel Cdk8 module cellular cerevisiae clathrin client proteins coactivator complexes conserved Craig cytosol dimerization DnaJ DnaK enzyme eukaryotic Fondell Forte JG gastric acid gastric acid secretion gastric H+,K+-ATPase glycine-rich region hormone receptor hydrophobic interaction intracellular ions J-domain J-proteins K+ channels kinase ligand mammalian Mediator complex Mediator subunits Mg2+ mitochondrial Mol Biol molecular chaperone motif mutations Natl Acad Sci Nilius nuclear hormone receptors nuclear receptors parietal cell pathways phosphorylation Physiol PIP2 polypeptides pore region Proc Natl Acad protein folding recruitment regulation residues RNA pol RNA polymerase RNA polymerase II Roeder RG role Sachs G sequence Sis1 specific stimulation structure studies subfamily substrate binding terminus thyroid hormone tion transcriptional activation transmembrane TRAP/Mediator TRP channels TRPC TRPC1 TRPM TRPM4 TRPM7 TRPV TRPV1 TRPV4 TRPV5 TRPV6 vitro vivo Voets Ydj1 yeast yeast Mediator
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