The Biology of Alcoholism: Volume 3: Clinical Pathology

Benjamin Kissin, Henri Begleiter

Springer Science & Business Media, Mar 9, 2013 - Psychology - 674 pages

In this volume, the third of our series, the emphasis has shifted from the theoretical and experimental to the more clinical and practical aspects of alcoholism. Where, in the earlier volumes, more attention was directed to animal than human studies, in this volume, almost all material deals with the human condition. The clinical manifestations of alcoholism may be divided into two major aspects, that of the disease itself and that of its complications. This separation is to some extent artificial since, in a sense, the natural history of the disease is a function of the development of certain complicating mechanisms. These mechanisms in turn either become part and parcel of the underlying condition -alcoholism-or give rise to a new set of clinical variables characterized as "medical complications. " At this point, the dichotomy becomes real. The disease alcoholism tends to be seen as a distinct psychosocial entity and to be treated with psychosocial techniques. The "medical complications" are more clearly envisioned as being within the legitimate domain of medical practice and are treated by physicians who often tend to ignore the underlying alcoholism. The "patient" is sometimes lost in between. The major thrust of this volume is an attempt to describe the mechanisms of alcoholism as they are now known, in such a way as to establish a continuum between the disease alcoholism and its "medical complications.

Contents

• Contents of Volume: 1
• Chapter: 2
• Contents of Volume: 4
• Chapter: 7
• Chapter: 14
• Chapter: 16
• The Natural History of Alcoholism: 23
• Chapter 7: 25
• References: 32
• Heredity and Alcoholism: 37
• Genetic Marker Studies: 43
• Summary: 45
• References: 49
• Enzymes: 63
• Studies of Expressive Behavior: 68
• Predisposing and Preventive Factors: 83
• Enzymes of Acetaldehyde Metabolism: 85
• References: 91
• Selfstimulation Epileptiform Activity and Neuronal Activity: 93
• Summary and Conclusions: 96
• Summary: 102
• Chapter 3: 103
• Alcoholism and Learning: 106
• Chapter 4: 109
• Pharmacological Considerations: 110
• The Interaction of Ethanol with the Congeners in Alcoholic Beverages: 113
• Discussion and Conclusions: 117
• Pathological Effects of LongTerm Alcohol Consumption: 125
• Effect of Ethanol on Neurohumoral Amine Metabolism: 127
• Serotonin: 128
• The Determinants of Alcohol Preference in Animals: 131
• Catecholamines: 136
• Biological Mechanisms in Alcohol Selection: 137
• Environmental Changes and Alcohol Preference: 139
• Tolerance and Cross Tolerance in Alcoholics and Other Drug Users: 141
• Acetylcholine: 144
• Cross Addiction Between Ethanol and Other Drugs: 147
• Biochemical Factors in Selfselection of Alcohol: 152
• Acute Withdrawal from Alcohol 369: 155
• The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Actions of Ethanol: 159
• Conclusions: 160
• Chapter 5: 163
• Acetaldehyde Concentrations in Animals and Man 162: 166
• Voluntary Alcohol Consumption in Apes: 169
• Muscle: 172
• Effect of Acetaldehyde on Biogenic Amine Release: 174
• Effects of Alcohol Consumption in Apes: 175
• Methyl Alcohol Intoxication: 176
• References: 182
• Acetaldehyde and the DisulfiramEthanol Reaction: 184
• Overview: 188
• Chapter 6: 191
• Carbo: 197
• Properties of Drug Discriminability: 198
• Animal Dissociation Experiments: 204
• Influences of Alcohol on the Catabolic Phase of Carbohydrate Metabolism: 205
• Dissociation and the Alcoholic Blackout: 210
• Acute Alcoholism and Its Effects on Carbohydrate Metabolism: 211
• Implications for the Treatment of Alcoholism: 212
• Chronic Alcoholism and Its Effects on Carbohydrate Metabolism: 218
• Behavioral Studies of Alcoholism: 219
• Drinking Patterns: 226
• Chapter 7: 229
• Treatment of the Acute Withdrawal Syndrome: 236
• Nucleotides and Alcohol Metabolism: 243
• Porphyrins and Alcohol Metabolism: 247
• Summary: 249
• Summary: 255
• References: 256
• The Effects of Alcohol on Behavioral and Biological Factors: 259
• Chapter 8: 263
• Diseases of the Nervous System in Chronic Alcoholics: 265
• Chapter 1: 266
• Cerebellar Cortical Degeneration: 272
• Central Pontine Myelinolysis: 280
• References: 286
• Pathogenesis and Prevention of the Alcoholic Fatty Liver: 287
• Chapter 10: 289
• by Harold E Himwich and David A Callison: 291
• Effects of Ethanol on Carbohydrate Metabolism: 292
• References: 299
• Summary: 300
• The Electroencephalogram in Chronic Alcoholics: 302
• Biochemistry of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases in Alcoholism: 307
• Intestinal Tract: 309
• Alcoholic Hepatitis: 312
• Experimental Studies of CNS Activity During Acute Administration: 313
• Alcoholic Cirrhosis: 319
• Pancreatitis: 320
• The Effects of LongTerm Administration on the Electroencephalogram: 326
• Chapter 10: 327
• References: 330
• Vitamin Deficiencies and Excesses in Alcoholism: 334
• Chapter 10: 339
• Effect of Alcoholism Ingestion Chronic and Acute on Vitamin: 340
• Changes in Cardiovascular Activity as a Function of Alcohol: 341
• Alcohol and the Central Circulation: 347
• References: 350
• Bile Secretion and Excretion: 352
• Alcohol and the Peripheral Circulation: 357
• Chapter 11: 359
• Acute Alcohol Intoxication: 361
• Pathogenesis: 367
• Experimental Methods: 368
• References: 374
• Autonomic Nervous System: 375
• Clinical Features: 376
• Psychophysiological Studies of Human ANS: 383
• Zinc Metabolism in Alcoholism: 386
• Prognosis: 389
• Discussion and Conclusions: 391
• References: 393
• Effects of Alcohol on Endocrine Function: 401
• Psychophysiological Studies of Alcohol Effect on the Human ANS: 402
• Chapter 12: 403
• Topographic Organization: 409
• Pulmonary Infections in Alcoholics: 412
• References: 425
• Miscellaneous Conditions Associated with Alcoholism: 427
• Effects of Endocrine Function on Alcoholism and Alcohol Metabolism: 429
• Summary: 430
• Chapter 13: 435
• Effects of Alcohol on Sleep: 443
• Nature of Cellular Injury: 448
• Neural Mechanisms of Sleep: 451
• Cardiomyopathy of Nutritional Deficiency: 454
• References: 457
• Sleep and the Biogenic Amines: 459
• Chapter 14: 461
• Alcohol and the Biogenic Amines: 466
• Vacuolization of Marrow Precursor Cells: 467
• The Nervous System: 470
• White Cell Abnormalities in Alcoholics: 473
• References: 474
• Chapter 15: 481
• The Blood: 484
• Introduction: 485
• Cancer of the Esophagus: 490
• Learning Principles and Research Relevant to Alcoholism: 491
• The Relationship of Alcohol to Other Cancers: 495
• Evaluation: 499
• Alcohol Intolerance in Neoplastic Disease: 505
• Chapter 15: 510
• Chapter 16: 513
• Principal Nutritional Parameters: 521
• 67: 523
• Alcohol and Aggression: 525
• Nutritionally Related Disorders in Alcoholism: 534
• Conclusion: 540
• Methods for the Determination of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde: 545
• Specific Procedures: 551
• Management of Alcoholic Malnutrition: 552
• Summary and Conclusions: 559
• Acetaldehyde Determinations: 567
• Peripheral Nerve: 568
• 71: 573
• Chapter 17: 575
• 76: 579
• Table Wines: 581
• Chapter 17: 587
• Dessert and Cocktail Wines: 591
• Alcoholics Anonymous: 594
• Variables in the Rehabilitation Model: 596
• The Alcoholic Personality: 599
• References: 610
• A Multivariant Treatment Model: 633
• Manpower Issues in Rehabilitation: 643
• Chapter 6: 647
• 77: 651
• Index: 659
• Identification of Unitary Mechanisms of Tolerance and Physical: 660

Bibliographic information

• Title: The Biology of Alcoholism: Volume 3: Clinical Pathology
• Authors: Benjamin Kissin, Henri Begleiter
• Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media, 2013
• ISBN: 146842937X, 9781468429374
• Length: 674 pages
• Subjects: Psychology / General