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acting angle applied arch assumed axis axle loads bar stresses bending bending moment bridge carry-over column compression computed conjugate beam dead load diagonal distance dummy load elastic weights end moments equation equilibrium polygon Example fixed-end floor beams force polygon force system free body funicular girder given gives hinge horizontal indeterminate influence line intersection joint kip-ft kips lb per ft lb per sq length line of action live load load shown lower chord method method of moment moment distribution moment of inertia Note ordinate panel load panel point parallel plane points of contraflexure positive Problem reaction components resultant roof rotation secondary stresses shear shown in Fig simultaneous equations slope deflection solution span statically determinate stress in bar stringers structure tension top chord triangle truss of Fig uniform load unit load unknown vertical component vertical deflection Warren truss Williot diagram