Sable, a cross flory raguly argent-BROTHERTON, Maidenhead. Argent, a cross couped raguly and trunked sable-TYTHINGTON,Chester. French works give a cross émanchée, but the application of this exaggerated form of dancetty to a cross must be somewhat difficult, and no figures of it have been observed. The écotée of French writers has the appearance of a coarse kind of raguly. In one case the term slipped is applied to a cross, which should probably have its edges adorned with leaves.

Argent, a cross slipped vert-RADELL, Harl. MS. 5866.

D'or, à la croix émanchée de trois pièces et deux demies d'argent sur gueules, cantonnée de quatre têtes de léopard d'azur-LE LYEUR DE LA VAL, Champagne.

§ 3. Next the crosses besides being of various tinctures may be diversified, as the field is diversified. A cross may be e.g. chequy (fr. échiquetée), compony or counter-compony, fretty, trellised (i.e. with a somewhat closer fret), vair, maçonnée, &c.

Sire Johan de KOCFELD, de azure a une crois chekere de argent e de goules-Roll, temp. ED. II.

Azure, a cross counter-compony argent and gules-Eustace de WITENEYE.

Ermine, a cross counter-compony gules and or; in the dexter chief a lion rampant sable-Richard LAUNDE.

Sire Robert de VERDUN, de argent, a une crois de azure frette de orRoll, temp. ED. II.

Or, a cross vair-EXMYLE.

§ 4. A cross is frequently charged with other devices.

Sire Nicholas de VALERES, de argent, a une crois

de goules e v escalops de or-Roll, temp. ED. II.

Sire Johan de BADDEHAM, de argent a une crois

de goules; en la crois v molez de or—Ibid.

Sire Wauter de CORNEWAILLE, de argent, a une crois de sable besaunte de or-Ibid.

Sire Gelem de DUREM, de argent a une crois de goules e v flures de or-Ibid.

§ 5. The Cross may be of two tinctures, Nicholas de Valeres. i.e. party per fesse, per pale, &c., or per cross, which is equivalent to quarterly (fr. écartelee), and in most cases it is so in connection with the partition of the field, and hence the tinc

.

tures are counter-changed. Though some heralds would use the term counter-quartered, the term counter-changed applied to the cross is all that is needed. The partition lines should meet in the centre in a cross and not in a saltire.

Gules, a cross per fesse or and argent-BROCKHALL.

Gules, a cross moline per pale argent and ermine-FRISKENEY, Lincoln. Or, on a cross quarterly azure and gules five roses of the first-Thomas LANGTON, Bp. of S. David's, 1483; Salisbury, 1485;

Winchester, 1493-1501.

Per bend azure and argent, a cross moline per bend or and of the first-HAWTRE, Bedford.

Per bend argent and sable, a cross potent counterchanged-ALMACK, Suffolk.

Argent, a cross pattée, per saltire, gules and azure-INGHAM ABBEY, Norfolk.

Per chevron, argent and gules, a cross counterchanged-CHAPMAN, York.

Quarterly azure and gules a cross patonce coun

LANGTON.

terchanged; in first and fourth quarters a rose gules barbed and seeded or; in second and third quarters a sun in glory proper-Thomas BENTHAM, Bp. of Lichfield and Coventry, A.D. 1560-79.

Quarterly argent and azure, a cross counterchanged-BEVERCOTT.

Quarterly argent and gules, a cross botonny counterchanged-CROSLAND.

Quarterly indented argent and sable, a cross

counterchanged-GLENDINING.

BEVERCOTT.

When, however, the cross is composed as it were, of five pieces or divisions, the central being that of the field, the term quarter-pierced is used. Heraldic writers have, however, invented various terms, e.g. quarter-voided and squarepierced. And some have described the form (taking the field into account) as 'chequy of nine panes,' but it is to be noted that as a rule the pieces are charged with some device. With the French, however, the term équipollée describes the figure exactly.

BOISY.

Argent, a quarter-pierced cross moline sable between three crescents gules-MILWard.

Sable, on a cross quarterly pierced argent, four eagles displayed of the first-BULLER, Bp. of Exeter, 1792-96.

Argent, five crosses croslet gules, over all on a quarter-pierced cross as the last, four crosses croslet like the second-BONNELL, London, 1691. Ermine, on a quarter-pierced cross or four chevrons gules-City of LICHFIELD.

Cinq points d'argent, équipollés à quatre de gueules-Boisy, Ile de France.

§ 6. A cross is described as voided when the central portion of the four limbs is of the same tincture as the field, and only a narrow border is left, and this is found in ancient blazon described as 'une fausse croix.'

The term voide is used of a Cross in one or two ancient rolls in connection with recercelé, and it has been thought to imply that the voiding extends into the field, which may be described as voided throughout, and as is shewn in the illustration of the arms of KNOWLES. (See under § 32.)

Hamon CREVECEUR, d'or ung faulx crois de goules-Roll, temp. HEN. III

Azure, crusily, a cross moline voided throughout [otherwise disjoined] or-KNOWLES, Barony, 1603.

Gules, a cross patty pointed voided argent; at each corner a bezantHenry LE WALYS (Glover's Ordinary).

Argent, a cross flory voided gules-James PILKINGTON, Bp. of Durham, 1561-76.

Ermine, a cross voided sable-ARCHDEACON, Harl. MS. 5866.
Argent, a cross humetty voided azure-Washborne.

Or, a cross humetty pointed, voided azure-BURR.

But as it is possible to superimpose one cross upon another (fr. croix chargée, or remplie), and the latter may be of the tincture of the field, the result would be the same as a cross voided. Modern heralds consider that the difference is to be shewn by the shading of the lines, as already noted in the case of the chevron, but such niceties were unknown in ancient heraldry.

De gueules, à la croix d'argent chargée d'une croix alaisée d'azurNEUFVILLE, Limosin.

Further, there is a third way in which such arms might in some cases be blazoned, namely, as fimbriated, bordured, or edged (fr. bordé) of such a tincture.

One

And with this may be noted crosses which have cotices, though these are by no means common in English arms. remarkable example, however, occurs, in which a fleur-de-lis serves as a cotice instead of a line.

Argent, a cross gules fimbriated or-BRADE

STONE.

Argent, a cross or bordured sable-TIPPET. Quarterly or and azure, over all on a griece of three steps a holy cross, all of the first fulfylled sable [i.e. sable fimbriated gold]-Cluniac Priory at LYNTON, Notts.

Argent, a cross cottised with eight demi-fleursde-lis, their bottoms towards the fesse-point, sable, between four mullets pierced of the lastATKINS, Co. Cork.

ATKINS.

Of

§ 7. As with other ordinaries, a cross may be couped; and then it is termed humetty (fr. alaisée, spelt sometimes alésée), though the term coupée seems to be occasionally used. course all the four arms are couped, unless there is any distinguishing note to the contrary. It would also appear that this cross should be always drawn with its arms equal. When more than one cross or crosslet occurs in the same shield it stands to reason they must be humetty, so that it is not necessary to mention it.

D'argent, à la croix alaisée de gueules-XAINTRAILLES, Ile de France.

+

XAINTRAILLES.

A cross humetty between four plain crosslets-John de PONTISSARA, Bp. of Winchester, 1282-1304.

Azure, a bend wavy in the sinister chief a cross coupy argent-Arms assigned to William de CURBELLIO, Abp. of Canterbury, 1123-36.

The term humetty is sometimes used in connection with special terminations to the arms of the cross, but practically it is needless, for were the cross extended to the edges there would

be no room for such terminations. See e.g. cross annuletty, § 11, and fleuretty, § 20; also gringolée and the like, § 21. To these might be added anserated and ancetty (from the French anse, 'a handle'), though the terms have not been observed in any English blazon.

Azure, a cross humetty terminated with four leopard's heads orPECKHAM.

Argent, a cross humetty gules, the point in chief terminating in a crescent of the last-WANLEY.

Sable, billetty argent, a cross humetty at top, and there flory of the last-Sir John MORIS, Co. Gloucester [Harl. MS. 1465, fol. 53].

On the other hand a cross pattée (which is naturally humetty) must be blazoned as throughout or fixed, if it is intended that the four arms of the cross should reach to the edges of the shield. See § 26.

See also passant, as meaning throughout.

The French term tronçonné, signifying that the cross is broken up into small cubes, is given by Edmondson, and others, but no examples have been noticed either in French or English arms. One example only of a demi-cross has been observed. Argent, a chevron between three demi-crosses gules-TOKETT.

§ 8. Beyond the variations to which the cross is subjected there are certain devices which are made up of charges arranged in the form of the cross, and so in some cases are blazoned as such. A cross, for instance, of four ermine-spots, with the heads meeting (fr. abouttées or appointées) in the fesse-point, has been blazoned by some heralds as a Cross erminée. A cross composed of four escallop shells, or of four pheons, would only be blazoned as such.

Argent, a cross of four ermine-spots sableHURSTON, Cheshire.

Vert, a cross of four escallops, the tops at

the centre meeting, or-WENCELAUGH, co. York, 1584.

HURSTON.

Quarterly, gules and azure, a cross of four pheons, the points to the

centre argent-TRUBSHAWE.