International Frontiers and Boundaries: Law, Politics and GeographyInternational frontiers and boundaries separate land, rivers and lakes subject to different sovereignties. Frontiers are "zones" of varying widths and they were common many centuries ago. By 1900 frontiers had almost disappeared and had been replaced by boundaries that are lines. The divisive nature of frontiers and boundaries has formed the focus of inter-disciplinary studies by economists, geographers, historians, lawyers and political scientists. Scholars from these disciplines have produced a rich literature dealing with frontiers and boundaries. The authors surveyed this extensive literature and the introduction reveals the themes which have attracted most attention. Following the introduction the book falls into three sections. The first section deals systematically with frontiers, boundary evolution and boundary disputes. The second section considers aspects of international law related to boundaries. It includes chapters dealing with international law and territorial boundaries, maps as evidence of international boundaries and river boundaries and international law. The third section consists of seven regional chapters that examine the evolution of boundaries in the Americas, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Europe, islands off Southeast Asia and Antarctica. |
Contents
1 Introduction | 1 |
2 Frontiers | 23 |
3 The evolution of international boundaries | 51 |
4 International boundary disputes | 91 |
5 International Law and Territorial Boundaries | 137 |
6 Maps as Evidence of Territorial Frontiers | 191 |
7 River Boundaries and International Law | 215 |
8 The Americas | 233 |
10 Africa | 291 |
11 Asia | 317 |
12 Europe | 349 |
13 Land boundaries on islands off Southeast Asia | 373 |
14 Antarctica | 383 |
Annexes | 409 |
Name index | 493 |
| 498 | |
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Africa agreed agreement American annexed Antarctica arbitration Argentina Article Asia atlas award bank border borderland boundary disputes Britain British Brownlie Burkina Faso Cambodia Cameroon ceded century Chile China claim coast colonial Commission continental shelf continued Convention countries Court defined delimitation demarcation east East Timor eastern effective occupation effectivités Empire enclaves Eritrea established France French Frontier Dispute Geographer Germany ICJ Rep independence India international boundaries International Boundary Study international law international tribunals Iraq islands Italy Kuwait Lake limits located London maritime boundary meridian miles Naval Intelligence Division negotiations Niger Nigeria northern occupied parallel parties political population Prescott principle region Republic Russia sector secured settlement frontiers southern straight line terra nullius territorial disputes territorial sovereignty Thailand thalweg tion Triggs Turkey United uti possidetis uti possidetis juris Walvis Bay watershed western Western Sahara zone