Human Communication: A Unified View |
Contents
ONE The Semantic Wall ANTHONY G OETTINGER | 1 |
TWO Perception of the Speech Code A M LIBERMan f | 13 |
Evidence from | 51 |
Copyright | |
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A. M. Liberman acoustic acoustic signal amplitude analysis articulatory auditory auditory system basilar membrane bispectrum cepstrum changes clusters combination tone complex confusion consonants constriction corresponding criterion decision-theory models detection dimensions discrimination distributions encoded error estimates example experimental experiments false alarms fibers filter forced-choice formant Fourier transform frequency fricatives function human input interval invariance Julesz language linguistic listener low-pass low-pass filter matrix measurements mechanism method Multidimensional Scaling neural noise observer obtained output parameters patterns payoff matrix perceived perception phonemes pitch power spectrum Psychol psychophysics pulse quantizing random ratio recognition response ROC curve sampling segments sensory shown in Fig similar spatial speaker spectral spectrograms speech perception speech sounds stimulus Stop Consonants structure Swets talkers test statistic theory tion tone utterances variable variance visual vocal tract voice identification vowel waveform words zero