The Phonological EnterpriseThis book scrutinizes recent work in phonological theory from the perspective of Chomskyan generative linguistics and argues that progress in the field depends on taking seriously the idea that phonology is best studied as a mental computational system derived from an innate base, phonological Universal Grammar. Two simple problems of phonological analysis provide a frame for a variety of topics throughout the book. The competence-performance distinction and markedness theory are both addressed in some detail, especially with reference to phonological acquisition. Several aspects of Optimality Theory, including the use of Output-Output Correspondence, functionalist argumentation and dependence on typological justification are critiqued. The authors draw on their expertise in historical linguistics to argue that diachronic evidence is often mis-used to bolster phonological arguments, and they present a vision of the proper use of such evidence. Issues of general interest for cognitive scientists, such as whether categories are discrete and whether mental computation is probabilistic are also addressed. The book ends with concrete proposals to guide future phonological research. The breadth and depth of the discussion, ranging from details of current analyses to the philosophical underpinnings of linguistic science, is presented in a direct style with as little recourse to technical language as possible. |
Contents
1 Introduction | 1 |
Phonological UG and acquisition | 25 |
Resisting substance abuse in phonology | 103 |
Some aspects of Optimality Theory | 189 |
Conclusions | 255 |
Final remarks | 277 |
| 279 | |
| 289 | |
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Common terms and phrases
acoustic acquirer acquisition actually adult allow alternative analogy analysis appears apply approach argue argument aspects assume assumptions candidate chapter child claim clear complete computational concerning consider considerations consistent constraints construct contain contrast correct course defined derived discussion distinct effects English evidence example existence explanation fact factors Figure formal given grammar human hypothesis identical incomplete initial innate input interpretation issues knowledge language lead learner learning lexical lexicon linguistic markedness matter McCarthy morpheme nature Note notion Optimality output parse particular performance phase phonetic phonological position possible present principle problem production properties proposed question ranking reason refer relevant representation represents requires result rule seems segments single sound speaker specified speech stage structure surface theory underlying universal values variability violate voice vowels