New Trends in PharmacokineticsAldo Rescigno, Ajit K. Thakur The last decade or so has witnessed tremendous progress in methodology in the field of drug development in general and pharmacokinetics in particular. Clinical pharmacokinetics is using new tools for probing into the "black box" once being ac cessible only partly through experimental techniques and, mostly through mathemati cal and computer means. Development of computerized scanning, positron emission tomography (PET), stereoselectivity and other techniques are now enabling investi gators to have better pictures of the systems they are studying. Mathematical models through computer simulation and statistical estimation, mostly due to easy access be cause of inexpensive yet powerful personal computers, are enabling us to investigate ultrastructures and their functional connectivity in more detail. As a consequence, new hypotheses are being formed and tested in various related fields. In clinical pharmacokinetics, mostly due to mathematical modeling, more accurate interspecies scaling of pharmacokinetic parameters and dosimetry can be done now-a-days. The concept of "a human is a bigger rat" does not necessarily fly as a consequence. Pharmacokinetic concepts are becoming powerful tools in meaningful carcinogenic and toxic risk extrapolation of different chemicals in humans. New dose delivery designs are being formulated using pharmacokinetic techniques for different pharmaceutical compounds. Investigations continue in the academia, research institutions, pharmaceutical, biotechnological, and agricultural industries in developmental and physiological aspects of different chemicals for the benefit of mankind. The idea of a school on "New Trends in Pharmacokinetics", from which the present pUblication was made possible, took shape over almost a year. |
Contents
Unfolding of a Concept | 1 |
Epistemology in Pharmacokinetics | 27 |
Mechanistic vs Empirical | 41 |
Copyright | |
21 other sections not shown
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
acid administration agent albumin allometric analysis Andersen animal antibody approach behavior binding biological blood flow body weight cancer Carboplatin carcinogenic cell chemical chiral clearance Clin clinical compartment compartmental complex compounds curve debrisoquine determined dose drug metabolism effect Eichelbaum elimination enantiomers enantioselectivity enzyme equation estimate evaluation excretion experimental exposure extrapolation factors function hepatic human imaging immunoscintigraphy inhalation injection interaction interspecies scaling intravenous isomers kinetics labeled ligand linear liver measurements Metab metabolite methods mice MoAb molecule observed oral organ parameters partition coefficients pathway patients PBPK model perfused Pharm pharmacodynamic pharmacokinetic pharmacokinetic model Pharmacol pharmacological Phase physiological modeling plasma concentration polymorphism positron emission tomography predict prodrug propranolol protein quantitative racemic radioactive radiolabeled rate constants ratio rCD4 receptor renal Rescigno risk assessment saturable species stereoisomers stereoselective studies substrate target techniques Thakur therapeutic tissue toxicity Toxicol tracer tumor uptake verapamil vitro vivo volume of distribution