Betz Handbook of Industrial Water Conditioning |
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Common terms and phrases
aeration agents alkalinity ammonia anion bicarbonate blowdown boiler feedwater boiler water CaCO3 calcium carbonate calcium sulfate carbon dioxide carryover chemical chlorine chromate coagulant color condensate cooling tower cooling water systems copper corrosion deaeration deposits Dianodic dilution dissolved oxygen dissolved solids distilled water effect effluent employed equipment factors feed feeder ferric Figure filter filtration hardness hot process hydrazine hydrochloric acid hydrogen sulfide hydroxide increase industrial inhibitors ion exchange iron lime lime-soda softening magnesium makeup water ment metal method methyl orange nitrate once-through operation organic oxide phosphate plant polyphosphates precipitation present pressure pump raw water reaction reagent recirculating reduced residual resin salts silica silica removal sludge soda ash sodium carbonate sodium sulfite sodium zeolite solids content soluble solution steam sulfate sulfuric acid surface suspended solids tank temperature tion treatment tubes turbidity unit usually VALVE waste zeolite zeolite softening